地质学报2024，Vol.98Issue(3)：898-919,22.DOI:10.19762/j.cnki.dizhixuebao.2024073
造山型金矿容矿建造分类、成矿模式及找矿勘查
Classification of host rock formation,metallogenic model,and exploration of orogenic gold deposits
摘要
Abstract
The term"orogenic gold deposits"refers to epigenetic gold-vein systems that are formed during orogeny and are controlled by both structural features and rock composition.These deposits are considered the most significant type of gold exploration globally.Based on the different types of host rocks,orogenic gold deposits can be classified into four main types:greenstone-hosted(including greenschist,BIF,and granite-gneiss subtypes),turbidite-hosted,carbonate rock-hosted,and hypabyssal intrusion types.Together,they constitute the clan of orogenic gold deposits.Among these different types,there are close temporal-spatial associations and genetic relations,making them potential indicators for mutual prospecting.The greenstone assemblage and turbidite sequenceare particularly noteworthy due to their high gold abundance.They not only serve as host rock series but also act as important source beds.The occurrence of multiple types of orogeny initiates and drives extensive regional fluid activities,leading to the formation of orogenic gold provinces or giant metallogenic belts.The superposition of magmatic fluids and the"heat engine effect"play crucial roles in the formation of super-large gold deposits.Acrustal continuous metallogenic model can be constructed by combining regional fluids from multiple sources with magmatic fluid.This model emphasizes the significance of multi-cycle orogenic processes in the formation of orogenic gold deposits.The combination of"fertile source rock,shear deformation zone,and hypabyssal intrusion"serves as the selection criterion for targeting large-scale gold systems.This approach is beneficial for acquiring exploration licenses with significant prospecting potential.Geochemical anomaly assessment and drill-tracing laterite supergene enrichment are effective methods for discovering the main ore bodies.These methods are particularly suitable for large-scale open-pit mining.The orogenic gold mining area exhibits significant potential for deep prospecting(depth＞300 m).The main targets for such exploration are large tonnage and high-grade ore shoots with extensive down-plunge extents formed during the hydrothermal channel phase.关键词
造山型金矿/容矿建造/成矿系统/成矿流体/金矿勘查Key words
orogenic gold deposit/host rock formation/metallogenic system/ore-forming fluid/gold deposit exploration引用本文复制引用
王京彬,王玉往,李庆哲,林寿洪,王晨昇,张会琼,李德东..造山型金矿容矿建造分类、成矿模式及找矿勘查[J].地质学报,2024,98(3):898-919,22.基金项目
本文为紫金矿业集团股份有限公司科技项目矿山综合找矿预测专项(编号4104KY2022030001)资助的成果. （编号4104KY2022030001）
