早期干预对NICU早产儿体格及神经心理发育的效果研究OACSTPCD

Objective To investigate the effects of early intervention on the physical and neuropsychological development of preterm infants in neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)within two years.Methods A total of 102 NICU preterm infants treated at Suzhou Municipal Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020 were selected as the intervention group,and 105 healthy full-term infants born during the same period were randomly selected as the control group.Results At 24 months of age,the Z-scores for weight,length and head circumference of low-risk preterm infants who received early intervention reached level similar to full-term infants(0.34±0.98,0.40±1.30 and 0.54±1.04,respectively,P＞0.05),however,the Z-scores for these measures in the high-risk preterm infants were lower compared to the full-term group(-0.17±1.15,0.00±1.29,and-0.33±1.24,respectively,P＜0.05).In terms of gross motor development,by 6 to 24 months corrected age,both high-risk and low-risk preterm infants reached levels comparable to full-term infants.At 24 months of age,the mean scores for high-risk,low-risk and full-term infants were 101.81±10.05,102.06± 10.85,and 100.47±9.40,respectively(all P＞0.05).In terms of language and social behavior,by 18 to 24 months corrected age,the development level of preterm infants could reach the level of full-term infants.In terms of adaptive development,before 18 months corrected age,the adaptive ability of high-risk and low-risk preterm infants could reach full-term infants,however,at 24 months,the adaptive ability of preterm infants were lower than that of full-term infants,and the adaptive ability of high-risk infants,low-risk infants and full-term infants were 102.77±12.04,101.73±10.34,106.78±9.31,respectively(all P＜0.05).Similar trends were observed for fine motor development,at 12 months corrected age,the fine motor level of high-risk and low-risk preterm infants could reach full-term infants,and at 18 to 24 months corrected age,the fine motor level of high-risk and low-risk preterm infants were lower than full-term infants.Conclusion Within the first two years after birth,there are differences in physical and neuropsychological development between high-risk and low-risk preterm infants,with high-risk preterm infants exhibiting more pronounced delays.Understanding the physical and neuropsychological development of premature infants correctly and formulating individualized early intervention mode play a crucial role in physical and neuropsychological development of premature infants.