稻虾共作深水灌溉模式下利于稻虾质产协同肥料运筹研究OA北大核心CSTPCD

To explore the appropriate fertilizer strategy for the coordinated development of yield and quality of rice and crayfish production in rice-crayfish co-cultivation with deep water irrigation,Fengyouxiangzhan,a rice variety tailored for rice-crayfish co-cultivation,was used as the experimental material.Seven fertilization treatments were set:0 kg N ha-1 without crayfish cultivation(R,control),100%inorganic fertilizer in deep water without crayfish(RR),100%inorganic fertilizer in alternating wet and dry conditions with crayfish(RC),100%inorganic fertilizer in deep water with crayfish(RS0),30%organic and 70%inorganic fertilizers in deep water with crayfish(RS3),50%organic and 50%inorganic fertilizers in deep water with crayfish(RS5),70%organic and 30%inorganic fertilizers in deep water with crayfish(RS7).Yield traits of rice and crayfish,and rice quality(appearance,processing,nutrition,and taste)were analyzed.The results showed that a 50∶50 mix of organic and inorganic fertilizers produced the highest rice yields under deep-water irrigation,and the yields of the two years were 8.99 and 6.54 t·hm-2,respectively,and the yield was increased compared with RC.As the organic fertilizer proportion increased,there was a general improvement in brown rice rate,milled rice rate,head milled rice rate,while chalkiness degree,chalkiness rate,and chalkiness size initially decreased and then increased.Notably,RS5 and RS7 showcased superior processing and appearance qualities compared to RC.Additionally,the protein content in RS5 and RS7 was higher and significantly increased compared with RC,while amylose content,rice appearance,mouthfeel,and taste showed an opposite trend.Furthermore,parameters like peak,trough,final viscosity,and breakdown decreased as organic content increased,with RS5 and RS7 exhibiting the most significant decreased compared with RC.Conversely,setback and pasting temperature metrics showed an opposite trend.Regarding crayfish,as organic fertilizer proportion increased,there was little difference in crayfish yield among the organic and inorganic fertilizer proportion treatments,but the coefficient of variation of crayfish mean weight showed a downward trend,specially the RS5 and RS7 treatments.In conclusion,the optimal nitrogen supply ratio of organic and inorganic fertilizers was 50∶50,which could alleviate the side effect caused by deep water cultivation,improve rice yield,rice processing,appearance and nutrition quality under the rice-crayfish co-cultivation,and improve the specification stability and specification benefits of crayfish,but had a certain negative impact on taste quality and RVA characteristics.This research provides a scientific basis for the rice high quality cultivation under the rice-crayfish co-cultivation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.