播种机星齿球面盘式覆土装置设计与试验OA北大核心CSTPCD
Design and Experiment of Star-tooth Spherical Disc Soil-covering Device for Planter
针对V型挤压式覆土装置在黏土条件下作业不可靠,种沟闭合不严实,易造成种子"架空"和"晾种"的生产实际问题,设计一种星齿球面盘式覆土装置,提高播种机覆土质量.分析了星齿球面盘式覆土装置的作业原理,通过对覆土作业过程中土壤颗粒的运动学分析,确定了影响覆土作业质量的主要结构参数,并对星齿球面覆土盘主要结构参数和安装参数进行了设计.借助EDEM离散元仿真技术,建立了土壤与覆土装置的互作模型,以星齿球面覆土盘安装倾角、安装间距、入土深度为试验因素,以覆土量与覆土量变异系数为评价指标,分别进行了单因素与Box-Behnken试验,确定了星齿球面覆土盘的最优结构参数组合为安装倾角25.03°、安装间距196.66 mm、入土深度77.65 mm.取安装倾角25°、安装间距197 mm、入土深度77 mm进行了田间验证试验,试验结果表明:最优参数组合下,覆土量平均值为241.46 g,与仿真结果基本一致,相对误差为5.12％,覆土量变异系数为3.71％,覆土均匀,作业质量好,覆土作业后种子播深满足农艺要求,星齿球面盘式覆土装置能有效改善播种机的覆土性能.
In view of the unreliable operation of the V-type extrusion soil-covering device under clay conditions,the seed furrow is not tightly closed,which is easy to cause the actual production problems of seed"overhead"and"seed drying".A star-toothed spherical disc soil-covering device was designed to improve the soil covering quality of the planter.The working principle of the star-tooth spherical disc soil-covering device was analyzed.Through the kinematic analysis of soil particle in the process of soil covering operation,the main structural parameters affecting the quality of soil covering operation were determined,and the main structural parameters and installation parameters of the star-tooth spherical soil-covering disc were designed.The interaction model between soil and soil-covering device was established by using EDEM.The single factor and Box-Behnken tests were carried out with the installation inclination angle,installation distance and penetration depth of the star-tooth spherical disc as the test factors,and the weight of the covering soil and the coefficient of variation of the covering soil weight as the evaluation index.The optimal structural parameter combination of the star-tooth spherical soil-covering disc was determined as installation inclination angle of 25.03°,installation distance of 196.66 mm,and penetration depth of 77.65 mm.A field validation test was conducted under this parameter combination.The field validation test was carried out by taking the installation inclination angle of 25°,installation distance of 197 mm,and penetration depth of 77 mm.The test results showed that the average weight of covering soil was 241.46 g,which was consistent with the simulation results,and the relative error was 5.12％.The coefficient of variation of the covering soil weight was 3.71％.The weight of covering soil was uniform and the operation quality was good.The seed sowing depth met the agronomic requirements after the soil covering operation.The star-tooth spherical disc soil-covering device can effectively improve the soil-covering performance of the planter.
卢琦;刘立晶;刘忠军;靳文停
中国农业机械化科学研究院集团有限公司,北京 100083||农业装备技术全国重点实验室,北京 100083
农业工程
播种机覆土装置星齿球面盘EDEM仿真
plantersoil-covering devicestar-tooth spherical discEDEM simulation
《农业机械学报》 2024 (004)
23-31,73 / 10
中国机械工业集团有限公司重大科技专项(ZDZX2020-2)
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