中国生态农业学报（中英文）2024，Vol.32Issue(4)：640-649,10.DOI:10.12357/cjea.20230435
施钾对夏玉米产量、钾素积累动态及光温生理特性的影响
Effects of potassium application on yield,potassium accumulation dynamics,and light-temperature physiological characteristics of summer maize
摘要
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effects of potassium application rates on the yield,dynamics of nutrient accumulation,and photosynthetic and thermal physiological characteristics of summer maize,identify the optimal potassium rates,and provide a refer-ence for the scientific application of potassium in summer maize.Field experiments were conducted during two consecutive growing seasons(2021 and 2022)in Wenxian County,Henan Province,China.The maize variety'Longyu 369'was used as the test material.The detailed potassium fertilization treatments(K2O)in the two growing seasons were 0(K0),40(K40),80(K80),120(K120),and 160(K1 60)kg·hm-2.Plant height,leaf area,leaf SPAD value,photosynthetically active radiation,canopy temperature,antioxidant en-zyme activity,and potassium utilization efficiency of summer maize were determined and analyzed.The results showed that the ap-plication of potassium fertilizer significantly increased the summer maize yield.Compared with the K0,potassium application in-creased the maize yield by 4.9％-6.6％and 7.4％-9.6％in 2021 and 2022,respectively,and the optimal economic potassium rates were 80 and 87 kg·hm-2,respectively.Moreover,potassium application significantly increased plant height,leaf area,and leaf SPAD values in summer maize.Logistic equation fitting showed that the optimal treatments for total potassium absorption and maximum ac-cumulation rate were K80 and K120,respectively.Compared with K0,potassium absorption and accumulation increased by 22.5％and 28.3％on average for K80 and 29.2％and 37.5％on average for K120,respectively.Additionally,to maximum potassium accu-mulation the time of maximum rate of occurrence could be shortened by 3-4 d.This research also showed that the suitable potassium application rates of 80-120 kg·hm-2 could effectively enhance the photosynthetically active radiation fraction,reduce canopy temper-ature,and increase the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),and catalase(CAT).Therefore,reasonable po-tassium application could significantly increase the yield,promote growth and potassium absorption utilization,and enhance the pho-tosynthetic and thermal physiological and antioxidant enzyme activity characteristics of summer maize.The recommended potassium rates based on the experiments are between 80 and 120 kg·hm-2.关键词
夏玉米/施钾量/产量/钾素吸收利用/光温生理特性Key words
Summer maize/Potassium application rate/Yield/Potassium absorption and utilization/Light and temperature physiological characteristics分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张潇,李岚涛,耿赛男,杨启睿,苗玉红,王宜伦..施钾对夏玉米产量、钾素积累动态及光温生理特性的影响[J].中国生态农业学报（中英文）,2024,32(4):640-649,10.基金项目
国家"十四五"重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1901001)和河南省科技攻关项目(232102111119)资助 This study was supported by the"14th Five-Year Plan"Key Research and Development Plan(2021YFD1901001)and the Scientific and Technologic-al Research Project of Henan Province(232102111119). （2021YFD1901001）
