生态学报2024，Vol.44Issue(7)：2859-2872,14.DOI:10.20103/j.stxb.202301190122
出行即服务系统理论与实践:回顾与展望
Theory and practices of Mobility as a Service:review and outlook
摘要
Abstract
Transportation is one of the most concerned areas in the green and low-carbon transformation of cities,and it is also the area where digital penetration and digital platforms are most active.Mobility as a Service(MaaS)system was firstly coined in 2014 with a goal to optimize urban transportation for higher efficiency and more convenience with the aid of digital technical tools.Since 2018,MaaS has been increasingly expected to boost green transportation and a new way of transportation organization and supply,reflecting the coupling of the profound change of current travel demand and the urban transportation organization paradigm shift.By now,hundreds of MaaS practices of different sizes and models have emerged globally,and Beijing MaaS is the most influential MaaS practice in China up to now.Currently,the mainstream theories and methods that were mainly based on MaaS practices in developed countries in Europe and the United States cannot adequately describe and analyze Chinese practices.As a response to this knowledge gap,this paper extended the previous literatures to incorporate the Chinese experience and proposed a more inclusive MaaS system analytical framework.This newly proposed framework emphasized that the identification of the similarities and differences of MaaS systems in the global context can be carried out in three dimensions,namely,the social context in which it is embedded,the multiple development goals,and the corresponding socio-economic and environmental impacts.The framework was applied to conduct a comparative study of five typical MaaS at home and abroad,focusing on decoding the incentive mechanism,business model and business ecology of MaaS in Beijing.The experiences and lessons from Beijing MaaS enriched the roles played by the governmental and non-governmental actors and demonstrated the importance of public products and services provision where they did not exist previously.The paper aimed to contribute to the global development of MaaS theory and research methods,focusing on four concerns:1)the development of MaaS systems once again tests how urban transportation returns to its public attributes;2)MaaS practices can only be understood in their embedded contexts,which differ from city to city.MaaS is meant to open a window of opportunity for urban transportation transformation;3)the sustainable operation of MaaS systems remains a common challenge and calls for innovations;and 4)the new issues of data property rights,data privacy and security need to be addressed in future.All the cases in study show the need to innovate governance modes to match the advancement of digital technologies.It is critical to keep the feedback loop functional for the coevolution of the MaaS ecology.关键词
出行即服务(Mobility as a Service,MaaS)系统/分析框架/北京实践Key words
Mobility as a Service/analytical framework/Beijing practice引用本文复制引用
王晓霞,张明霞,李佳雯,许亿欣,王甜,张磊..出行即服务系统理论与实践:回顾与展望[J].生态学报,2024,44(7):2859-2872,14.基金项目
中国人民大学亚洲研究中心项目 （）
