生态学报2024，Vol.44Issue(7)：2981-2992,12.DOI:10.20103/j.stxb.202307041438
中国森林生态系统林冠层降雨截留特征
Canopy rainfall interception characteristics of forest ecosystems in China
摘要
Abstract
Forest ecosystem is the main body of the terrestrial ecosystem.The well-developed canopy of forest ecosystem profoundly influences the hydrological flux and water output in the whole process of watershed by regulating precipitation amount and changing precipitation intensity.Based on the annual-scale monitoring data of forest rainfall redistribution processes(i.e.,throughfall,stemflow,canopy rainfall interception)widely carried out in different forest ecosystems in China during 1983-2022,this paper reveals the rainfall redistribution and canopy rainfall interception characteristics of typical forest ecosystems in China,and elucidates the relationship between forest canopy rainfall interception characteristics and precipitation(i.e.,rainfall amount)and vegetation structural variables(i.e.,mean height,mean diameter at breast height,leaf area index).The results showed that the annual throughfall of different forest ecosystems in China ranged from 141.4 to 2450.0 mm,with throughfall rates of 36.3%—92.3%.The average multi-year throughfall of five typical forest ecosystems((445.3±252.9)—(1230.6±479.6)mm)accounted for(72.6±9.2)%—(77.4±8.9)%of the annual mean rainfall.The annual stemflow of the different forest ecosystems ranged from 0 to 508.2 mm,accounting for 0%to 25.8%of the annual mean rainfall during the same period.The multi-year average stemflow in the five typical forest ecosystems((9.8±17.3)—(87.8±81.6)mm)accounted for(1.4±1.9)%—(5.4±4.6)%of the annual mean rainfall.Canopy rainfall interception in different forest ecosystems ranged between 25.7 to 812.9 mm,representing 4.2%—55.6%of annual rainfall in the different forest ecosystems.The multi-year average canopy rainfall interception of five typical forest ecosystems((154.2±81.6)—(392.2±203.5)mm)accounted for(18.7±7.4)%to(25.9±8.3)%of the annual mean rainfall during the same period.Further analysis showed that the amount of throughfall,stemflow,and canopy rainfall interception showed a significant increase(P＜0.05)with the increase of annual rainfall in the corresponding observation region,respectively.In contrast,the annual throughfall rate and annual stemflow rate of different forest ecosystems in China showed an increasing trend with the increase of annual rainfall(P＜0.05),while the annual canopy interception rate showed a significantly negative correlation with annual rainfall(P＜0.01).Rainfall amount and leaf area index were demonstrated to be the main factors deeply influencing canopy redistribution characteristics(including canopy rainfall interception)in forest ecosystems at an annual scale.On the whole,the regulation ability of canopy rainfall interception was obviously different among typical forest ecosystems in China,the canopy interception rate was obviously characterized by deciduous forests being larger than evergreen forests,and coniferous forests being larger than broad-leaved forests.关键词
森林类型/冠层截留/穿透雨/水源涵养/服务功能Key words
forest type/canopy interception/throughfall/water conservation/service function引用本文复制引用
邓雅丽,赵新宇,崔自杰,冯英杰,张卫强,刘效东..中国森林生态系统林冠层降雨截留特征[J].生态学报,2024,44(7):2981-2992,12.基金项目
广东省自然科学基金项目(2023A1515030123) （2023A1515030123）
广东省普通高校省级重大科研项目(2022KTSCX016) （2022KTSCX016）
广州市科技计划项目(202201010640) （202201010640）
广东省林业科技创新项目(2021KJCX003) （2021KJCX003）
