石油与天然气化工2024，Vol.53Issue(2)：131-138,8.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-3426.2024.02.020
车用加氢站火灾爆炸事故风险分析
Risk analysis of fire and explosion accidents in vehicle hydrogen refueling stations
摘要
Abstract
Objective In order to improve the infrastructure of the hydrogen energy industry chain and identify the causes of fire and explosion accidents in vehicle hydrogen refueling stations,the prevention and control measures are put forward for fire and explosion accidents,so as to ensure the safe and sustainable development of vehicle hydrogen refueling stations and improve the public's trust in their safety prevention and control.Methods Using the theory of accident causation,the essence of the accident is revealed.The hazard sources of fire and explosion accidents in vehicle hydrogen refueling stations are systematically analyzed from the perspective of unsafe state of energy substances,energy carriers,things and unsafe behaviors of people.An accident tree map is established with the fire and explosion accidents of hydrogen refueling stations as the top event,and targeted prevention and control strategies are proposed.Results Firstly,the proportion of basic events in the unsafe state of fire and explosion in the hydrogen refueling stations is the largest(52％).Secondly,The minimum set of 350 sets that may cause fire and explosion in hydrogen refueling stations and 4 minimum sets to avoid fire and explosion accidents are obtained.Thirdly,without considering the probability of basic event occurrences,five basic events are revealed to have high structural importance including poor ventilation,alarm device failure,detector failure,safety valve failure and automatic brake system failure.Conclusions The theory of accident causes can be used to identify the hazard sources of hydrogen refueling stations scientifically and comprehensively.Accident tree system is adopted to analyze the importance of the basic event structure,and the normal operation of protective measures is the key control point to reduce fire and explosion accidents,which can serve as a theoretical basis for the formulation of relevant risk prevention and control measures for the construction and operation of hydrogen refueling stations.关键词
加氢站/氢泄漏/氢安全/火灾/爆炸/事故树/风险评价Key words
hydrogen refueling stations/hydrogen leakage/hydrogen safety/fire accident/explosion/accident tree/risk assessment引用本文复制引用
何太碧,赵莉,王晓东,梅琦,张建平,王富平,李海静..车用加氢站火灾爆炸事故风险分析[J].石油与天然气化工,2024,53(2):131-138,8.基金项目
四川省科技计划项目"氢燃料汽车用70MPa高压储氢装置成果转化"(2022ZHCG0089) （2022ZHCG0089）
四川石油天然气发展研究中心项目"四川省天然气产业与氢工业融合发展战略研究"(SKB22-06) （SKB22-06）
