摘要
Abstract
Objective To investigate the incidence of atopic dermatitis(AD)in children aged 1-6 years in Xi'an city and to analyze the distribution characteristics of allergens.Methods A total of 1164 children with AD diagnosed in outpatient clinics from March 2021 to May 2023 in three hospitals(the First Hospital Affiliated to Medical University of PLA Air Force,the Northwest Women and Children's Hospital,and the Third Hospital of Xi'an)were selected as the observation subjects,and the total serum IgE(tIgE)and specific IgE(sIgE)results of all patients were detected and analyzed.Results The percentage of AD in 1-year-old children was the highest,the percentage of AD in 6-year-old children was the lowest,and the combined percentage of AD in 1-to 3-year-old chil-dren was more than 65%.the percentage of AD in 1-to 6-year-old children was 57.99%in boys,which was higher than that in girls,which was 42.01%;Among the ingestible allergens,the positive rates of mango and shrimp in children aged 4 to 6 years were signifi-cantly higher than those in children aged 1-3 years,while the positive rates of egg white,milk,and cashew were significantly lower than those in children aged 1-3 years(P<0.05).Among the inhalation allergens,the positive rates of household dust mites,cock-roaches,mold combinations,walnut oak,elm,maple,birch and poplar a allergens in children aged 4-6 years were significantly high-er than hose in children aged 1-3 years,and the positive rate of dog and cat dander allergens was significantly higher than that of chil-dren aged 1-3 years old(P<0.05).Positive rates were significantly lower than those of children aged 1 to 3 years(P<0.05).Among children aged 1 to 3 years,the positive rates of egg white,milk,cashew nuts,cat and dog dander and house dust mite allergens were significantly higher in boys than in girls(P<0.05).Among children aged 4 to 6 years,the positive rates of cat and dog dander aller-gens were significantly higher than in girls(P<0.05).AD accounted for the highest proportion of limbs and trunk,followed by head and face eyelids,neck,elbows and knees,hands and feet.Conclusions The common allergens in children aged 1-6 years are differ-ent at different age groups.The common allergens for children aged 1-3 are egg white,milk,cat and dog dander,and the common al-lergens in children aged 4-6 years are a combination of milk,cat and dog dander,household dust mites,and mold.Inhaled allergens decrease with age,while inhaled allergens increase with age.关键词
1～6岁儿童/特应性皮炎/发病情况/过敏原Key words
children aged 1-6 years/atopic dermatitis/dis-ease situation/allergen分类
医药卫生
