西北植物学报2024，Vol.44Issue(3)：362-369,8.DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.20230134
大小粒型藜麦籽粒表型、灌浆特性及淀粉合成酶活性的差异分析
Analysis of grain phenotype,filling characteristics,and starch synthase activity in Chenopodium quinoa with different grain sizes
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Grain size significantly influences the yield,marketability,and processing character-istics of quinoa(Chenopodium quinoa).Understanding the grain phenotypes,filling characteristics,and starch synthase activity of large-and small-grained quinoa during the filling period can provide guidance for the selection and breeding of large grain quinoa varieties.[Methods]Two quinoa samples,one with a thousand grain weight exceeding 5.0 g and the other is below 3.0 g,were selected for a field experiment at the Innovative Experimental Base of Germplasm Resources of Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and For-estry Sciences.The study compared the difference of grain phenotypes,filling characteristics,and starch synthase activity between large-and small-grained quinoa at 7,14,21,and 28 days of the filling stage.[Results](1)The phenotypic traits of large-and small-grained quinoa,including grain area,circumfer-ence,diameter,kernel length,and kernel width,were significantly increased during reproductive period.There were significant differences between grain types,where the largest differences were in grain area and circumference,with the large-grained quinoa was significantly higher than small-grained quinoa by 9.12％to 11.54％and 21.49 to 23.92％,respectively.(2)Throughout the filling period,the dry mass of 100 grains of large-grained quinoa exceeded that of small-grained quinoa,with an average increase of 21.23％to 31.04％;the filling rate of large and small-grained quinoa rose first and declined subsequently during the reproductive period,which was in the pattern of"slow-fast-slow".However,the time to reach the peak and the peak height were different,with large-grained quinoa was early and high,while small-grained quinoa was low and late.(3)The starch branching enzyme(SBE),sucrose synthase(SS),soluble starch synthase(SSS),and ADPG pyrophosphorylase(AGP)varied for both grain sizes,with SBE and SS activi-ties being stronger in small-grained quinoa than in large-grained quinoa,while SSS and AGP activities were stronger in large-grained quinoa than in small-grained quinoa.[Conclusion]Variations in the activities of four starch synthases during grain filling contribute to differences in starch accumulation and peak filling rate,which in turn leads to differences in grain phenotypic traits,whereas SSS and AGPase are the key en-zymes affecting quinoa grain size.关键词
藜麦/籽粒大小/籽粒表型/灌浆特性/淀粉合成酶活性Key words
quinoa/grain size/grain phenotype/filling characteristics/starch synthase activity分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
陶小所,姚晓华,姚有华..大小粒型藜麦籽粒表型、灌浆特性及淀粉合成酶活性的差异分析[J].西北植物学报,2024,44(3):362-369,8.基金项目
青海省科技成果转化专项项目(2022-NK-112) （2022-NK-112）
青海省科技特派员专项(2023-NK-P09) （2023-NK-P09）
