头孢菌素类抗菌药物皮试规范化管理的成效分析OA
Effectiveness Analysis of Standardized Management of Skin Testing for Cephalosporin Antibiotics
目的 探讨医疗机构头孢菌素类抗菌药物皮肤试验(以下简称"皮试")规范化管理的应用成效.方法 回顾性分析洛阳市妇幼保健院 2020 年 6 月至 2022 年 5 月头孢菌素类抗菌药物皮试筛查情况、使用情况及不良反应发生情况,医院于 2021 年 6 月 1 日起正式实施头孢菌素类抗菌药物皮试规范化管理,比较管理前(2020 年 6 月至 2021 年5 月)与管理后(2021 年 6 月至 2022 年 5 月)的头孢菌素类抗菌药物皮试率、使用率及不良反应发生率.结果 管理前,医院儿科、新生儿科、妇科、产科头孢菌素类抗菌药物使用率分别为:46.79%、51.82%、34.35%、50.75%,各科室整体头孢菌素类抗菌药物使用率为 46.35%;皮试率分别为:98.61%、99.15%、96.38%、99.80%,各科室整体皮试率98.89%;相关不良反应发生率分别为:1.27%、1.95%、1.13%、0.79%,各科室整体不良反应发生率为1.11%.而管理后,医院儿科、新生儿科、妇科、产科头孢菌素类抗菌药物使用率分别为:59.10%、58.32%、37.74%、56.04%,各科室整体头孢菌素类抗菌药物使用率为52.75%;皮试率分别为:10.83%、16.14%、11.44%、4.25%,各科室整体皮试率为8.71%.相关不良反应发生率分别为:1.06%、1.85%、1.07%、0.75%,各科室整体不良反应发生率为 1.03%.管理后,上述四个科室头孢菌素类抗菌药物使用率及整体头孢菌素类抗菌药物使用率高于管理前,各科室皮试率及整体皮试率低于管理前,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).管理前后各科室头孢菌素类抗菌药物相关不良反应发生率及整体不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 在头孢菌素类抗菌药物皮试规范化管理的实施下,医院科室头孢菌素类抗菌药物的使用率提升,皮试率下降,且相关药物不良反应发生率无明显变化.可见实施皮试规范化管理有助于促进医院合理使用抗菌药物,为降低医护人员工作量及医院医疗成本提供了重要帮助,而且不会对相关药物不良反应发生风险产生过多影响,值得应用.
Objective To evaluate the standardized management effectiveness of skin test for cephalosporin antibiotics in the medical institutions.Methods From June 2020 to May 2022,the skin test screening conditions,usage conditions and adverse reactions of cephalosporin antibiotics were retrospectively analyzed.The standardized management of skin test for cephalosporin antibiotics was performed since June 1,2021.Before intervention(June 2020 to May 2021)and after intervention(June 2021 to May 2022),the cephalosporin antibiotics skin test rates,usage rates and adverse reactions were compared.Results Before intervention,the cephalosporin antibiotics usage rates in the pediatrics,neonatology,gynecology and obstetrics departments were 46.79%,51.82%,34.35%and 50.75%;the total usage rates were 46.35%.The skin test rates were 98.61%,99.15%,96.38%and 99.80%;the total skin test rates were 98.89%.The adverse drug rates were 1.27%,1.95%,1.13%and 0.79%;the total adverse drug rates were 1.11%.After intervention,the cephalosporin antibiotics usage rates in the pediatrics,neonatology,gynecology and obstetrics departments were 59.10%,58.32%,37.74%and 56.04%;the total usage rates were 52.75%.The skin test rates were 10.83%,16.14%,11.44%and 4.25%;the total test rates were 8.71%.The adverse drug rates were 1.06%,1.85%,1.07%and 0.75%;the total adverse drug rates were 1.03%.After intervention,the cephalosporin antibiotics usage rates and total usage rates in the each department were significantly higher than before;the skin test rates and total skin test rates were significantly lower than before(P＜0.05);before and after intervention,there were no significant differences about the adverse drug rates and total drug rates in the each department(P＞0.05).Conclusion The standardized management of skin test for cephalosporin antibiotics can effectively increase the usage rates of cephalosporin antibiotics,reduce the skin test rates and produce less impact on the patient's adverse drug reactions.Therefore,the standardized management is applicable to improve the rational usage of cephalosporin antibiotics,reduce the medical staff's workloads and the patient's medical treatment costs,produce less impact on the patient's adverse drug reactions.It is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
王亚杰;张硕;靳蓉
洛阳市妇幼保健院 药学部,河南 洛阳 471000
临床医学
医疗机构抗菌药物头孢菌素皮试规范化管理不良反应
medical institutionsantibioticscephalosporinskin teststandardized managementadverse reactions
《临床研究》 2024 (005)
86-90 / 5
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