脑小血管病诊断和鉴别诊断的最新进展OACSTPCD

Cerebral small vessel disease(CSVD)is a common disease with great impact on the health of the Chinese population.CSVD has insidious progression and is often neglected by both patients and physicians.In recent years,ad-vances have been made in the research on CSVD from the aspects of risk factors,pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,and evaluation systems.In 2013,the international Standards for Reporting Vascular Changes on Neuroimaging(STRIVE)collaborative group standardized the definition and description of CSVD,and subsequently in 2021,our team released Chi-nese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral small vessel disease 2021,which summarized the latest research findings in China and globally.In 2023,the international STRIVE collaborative group provided further updates on research advances in the field of CSVD.CSVD has similar clinical manifestations to neurodegenerative diseases,with a lack of significant specificity.Although genetic testing and brain tissue biopsy help to make a confirmed diagnosis to a cer-tain extent,their application in clinical practice has been limited by technical and financial constraints.At present,neuro-imaging techniques are mainly used to detect brain tissue lesions induced by CSVD and make a diagnosis.This article dis-cusses the imaging markers for the diagnosis of CSVD and the imaging-based differential diagnosis of CSVD.