载人航天器可更换舱外载荷接口通用设计与应用OA北大核心CSTPCD

In order to make full use of space exposure resources,manned spacecraft are often de-signed to support the conduct of small or large-scale exposure experiments,which include dedica-ted extravehicular payloads and replaceable extravehicular payloads.The replaceable extravehicu-lar payload of manned spacecraft is installed and replaced under the care of astronaut or the ma-nipulator through extravehicular payload interface devices.The modular and standardized univer-sal design method of replaceable extravehicular payload interface of manned spacecraft is proposed in this paper,aiming at the technical difficulties such as the different interface requirements for different extravehicular payloads,the different extravehicular payload interface equipment be-tween different manned spacecraft or different module of the same manned spacecraft,unable to performing interface verification of the manned spacecraft exposure test platform and all replace-able extravehicular payloads during the ground phase.The extravehicular payload interface is de-signed in a modular manner according to the function classification of installation interface,power supply interface,information interface,thermal interface,and the functional modules are inde-pendent of each other.The external interface of each functional module adopts standardized de-sign,the form and definition of the same type of interface are consistent.The universal design method of replaceable extravehicular payload interface of manned spacecraft is a successful verifi-cation for its application in large-scale space science experiments and technical experiments carried out by manned spacecraft.