传统村落的活态评价与适应性保护发展研究OA北大核心CHSSCDCSTPCD

Traditional villages in China are currently facing various challenges,such as recession,hollowing out,and aging.Re-identifying dynamic factors of traditional villages and predicting dominant causes of deactivation and recession may promote the sustainable development of traditional villages,providing new insights for activation and adaptive development of traditional villages.Through a case study based on 3 typical traditional villages in the Loess Hill and Gully Region of Longzhong,an evaluation index system of the dynamism of traditional villages based on the local environment was built combining analytic hierarchy processes(AHP),dynamic weighted calculation methods,calculation methods of activation and deactivation contribution rates,and others.The vitality assessment of traditional villages provided some references to formulate adaptive protective development strategies.The results showed that all three traditional villages were inactivated,but that there were differences in the degree of deactivation.Generally,Jinya Village and Huangjiazhuang Village were in the state of"mild inactivation",while Gucheng Village was in the state of"inactivation".In the criterion layer,the regional environment(B1)and village governance(B5)scored higher in activation contribution rate,with weights＞0.2.This proved that the regional environment and village governance occupy important positions in the activation development of traditional villages.Moreover,the weight of village governance was 0.371,indicating that village governance was the main factor of deactivation in the three villages.The deactivation index of the economic development vitality(B3)and village governance(B5)was higher than 30％in all three traditional villages,indicating that industrial economy and village governance were the main causes of deactivation.The deactivation contribution rate and index of village governance scored higher in all three traditional villages,demonstrating that village governance was the leading factor in the activation development of the three villages.The following conclusions can be made:(1)All three traditional villages had evidence of inactivation,but with differing degrees of inactivation.The Jinya Village and the Huangjiazhuang Village had"mild inactivation",showing a low degree of inactivation with moderate adaptability and sustainability of protection and development.The Gucheng Village had"inactivation",showing evident inactivation with weak adaptability and sustainability of protection and development.(2)Village governance and regional environmental deactivation have a high contribution rate to the deactivation of all three traditional villages.They have significant influences on the activation development of traditional villages.The proportion of village governance,economic development,and regional environment in the deactivation index were high,and could significantly influence the inactivation of villages.Hence,the adaptability development of traditional villages in the Loess Hill and Gully Region of Longzhong was greatly influenced by village governance and regional environmental factors.(3)In terms of the total activation score,Jinya Village(71.63)＞Huangjiazhuang Village(68.58)＞Gucheng Village(58.88),which is in concordance with the survey results.Village deactivation was a result of multiple factors and the interaction of internal and external dynamics.Therefore,the key to village revitalization and dynamic development lies in the implementation of adaptive and sustainable protection and development methods.Protective development strategies for 3 typical traditional villages in the Loess Hill and Gully Region of Longzhong were formulated according to activation evaluation results,activation status,different deactivation dimensions,and primary and secondary factors influencing village deactivation.This study will further promote the adaptive and sustainable development of traditional villages.