从"拔尖"到"乐群":小 组合作学习与拔尖创新人才培养OA北大核心CHSSCDCSSCI

In the cultivation of top innovative talents,it is very important to form a group atmosphere of mutual inspiration and learning.However,the current research on top innovative talents mainly focuses on the macro level such as policy and system but pays less attention to the micro level such as peer relation-ship.As a common pedagogical practices in universities,groupwork is a key to investigate the influence of peer relationship and group cooperation on the training quality of top innovative talents.The study selected students from different majors in a first-class university,collected materials through interviews and observa-tions,and attempted to analyze the learning and cooperation culture in the current group cooperation process,and its impact on the cultivation of top innovative talents.The study found that:team formation is mainly based on acquaintances,which can better prevent risks;the group structure is mainly star-shaped group with one core member,which promotes the group efficiency but hinders the enthusiasm of other members.In terms of evaluation methods,the combination of intra-group and inter-group evaluation has a complex impact on cooperation effects.The teacher-student relationship dominated by teacher authority al-so has an impact on group cooperation,reflecting the teacher-dominated power.In culture,there is a common cooperative culture of"harmony being the most valuable",which not only promotes cooperation,but also hinders academic innovation,reflecting the alienation of students'learning and cooperation in the meritocracy evaluation system.Driven by the game-based view of interpersonal relationship,peers become competitors or objects to be used.The utilitarian view of learning has brought about"performance learn-ing"catering to evaluation system,which undermines the value of learning.The instrumental collaboration in groupwork ensures high efficiency of accomplishing tasks,but it may fall into the"paradigm trap"which inhibits innovation.Therefore,the"Spirit of Community"(Le Qun),i.e.a group support dimension,should be noted when cultivating top innovative talents.It helps promote the cultivation of"aspiration","top-notch"and"innovation"by cultivating the solidarity,cooperation,friendship,and mutual help a-mong students.To promote group cooperation and the cultivation of top innovative talents,we should es-tablish a common contract,create a safe atmosphere,reform evaluation methods,emphasize academic spirit,so as to solve the conflict between market logic and academic logic,and conflict among different cultivation targets.