生物质炭对土壤微生物碳源利用及春小麦产量的影响OA北大核心CSTPCD

To investigate the influence of biochar on the consumption of soil microbial carbon sources and spring wheat yield,a randomized block design experiment was devised.3 nitrogen levels including 0(N0),300(N1),255 kg hm-2(N2)and 4 biochar levels including 0(B0),10×103(B1),20×103(B2),30×103 kg hm-2(B3)were tested,resulting in 12 treatments.The carbon source metabolism features of soil microbes and wheat yield were investigated.The results showed that,compared to control(N0B0),the average well color development(AWCD)and Mcintosh index(U)of each treatment showed an upward trend,with the highest soil microbial AWCD and U values found in the conventional nitrogen fertilizer combined with a medium amount of biochar(N1B2)treatment.They were 0.93 and 5.83,which was 52.5%and 36.3%higher than control,respectively.The Shannon index of soil microorganisms showed an upward trend as the biochar dose increased at the nitrogen fertilizer reduction level.The majority of soil microbes utilized ester carbon sources,but alcohol carbon sources were rarely utilized.Under different conditions,the ability of microbes to utilize different carbon sources varied.Principal component analysis revealed that amino acids,sugars,acids,and alcohols accounted for the majority of changes in soil microbial community consumption of six accessible carbon sources between different treatments.The functional diversity index of the soil microbial population associated positively with spring wheat yield.Spring wheat yields could reach 8 301.35 kg·hm-2 when treated with N2B2,a 22.1%increase over traditional nitrogen fertilizer(B0N1).In conclusion,nitrogen fertilizer and biochar could enhance the activity of soil microorganisms,alter the microbial ecology of the soil,support the growth of spring wheat,and increase wheat yield,which could provide a foundation for the application and promotion of biochar in the northern Xinjiang irrigation region.