管理工程学报2024，Vol.38Issue(3)：172-185,14.DOI:10.13587/j.cnki.jieem.2024.03.013
基于排队论的动态最优保险区块链决策研究
Research on dynamic optimal insurance blockchain decisions based on the queuing theory
摘要
Abstract
With the digital economy transformation based on the Internet as a platform for the digital economy based on blockchain,blockchain technology is profoundly changing the global economic development model and the industry's future shape.At this stage,blockchain technology has become an important support for modernizing the national governance system and governance capacity.The"law of large numbers"of insurance and blockchain's"collective consensus"are genetically similar.The nature of liability management in the insurance industry determines that trust is its foundation,whereas the nature of the trustworthiness of blockchain technology determines that the insurance industry is an important application area. Presently,the insurance industry is developing rapidly,especially in the social context of COVID-19,and health insurance is showing high growth.However,as is well known,moral hazard,adverse selection,and insurance fraud have been persistent issues plaguing the healthy development of the insurance industry,and the root of these issues lies in information asymmetry;that is,it is challenging to achieve absolute trust under the condition of incomplete information.Blockchain technology,which carries a trust gene by nature,can precisely eliminate this pain point.Along with the change in the insurance industry and the improvement in insurance demand,the introduction of blockchain technology will help the insurance industry achieve leapfrog development in the new era. The exploration of blockchain technology in the insurance field started late,and most of the research on insurance blockchain remains at the qualitative level of prospect analysis and mechanism design.The deep-level integration research on quantitative evaluation and underlying technology development of insurance blockchain is in a blank state.This study design's an insurance transaction mechanism based on blockchain technology,uses the queuing theory to analyze the decisions of policyholders,insurance companies,and policy block depositors,and constructs a dynamic insurance blockchain transaction model to determine the long-term equilibrium behavior of the three participating parties.Unlike existing studies,the innovation of this study is mainly in three aspects:first,the queuing theory is introduced into the study of insurance blockchain,and the"batch queuing"model is used to dynamically simulate the process in which several insurance transactions are collected in batches to form blocks and then added to the blockchain.Second,since insurance transactions occur continuously and must be recorded in the blockchain once they occur,this study adopts the"first come,first served"sequence to collect incoming insurance transactions and form blocks dynamically.This model is more practical than the static model proposed by Chiu and Koeppl.Third,most existing studies set both transaction parties based on blockchain technology as risk-neutral,but policyholders who tend to transfer future risks through insurance are more risk-averse.Therefore,this study assumes that the utility function of the policyholder is concave to investigate the characteristics of the policyholder's risk aversion. The findings of this study are as follows.First,through qualitative analysis,it is found that the key to applying blockchain technology to the insurance industry is to build a decentralized consensus of distributed ledgers;that is,insurance transactions are recorded in the ledger according to certain rules.However,the insurance blockchain cannot operate in isolation.It needs to be combined with other emerging Internet technologies.It is necessary to promote the collaborative application and development of various technologies in insurance.Second,in the insurance blockchain system,the"batch queuing"model can well simulate the policy block depositor based on the principle of first-come,first-served to collect several transactions from the transaction pool into blocks in batches and perform a collective"service."This is the process of appending blocks containing many transactions to the entire blockchain according to the arrival time of the policy.Thus,an optimal dynamic blockchain model based on insurance transactions can be constructed.However,the practicability of the insurance blockchain system depends on the selection and coordination of indicators.Third,considering the actual operation data of China's auto insurance market in 2020 as an example,the optimal transaction rate to maximize the main utility of the insurance blockchain system under different weight levels is obtained by numerical simulation.The influence mechanism of the number of block depositors,the hash rate of policy block depositors,blocksize,and arrival rate of insurance transactions on the insurance blockchain system is obtained through comparative static analysis.Simulation analysis and comparative static analysis verify that the blockchain technology application will help the insurance market reduce operating costs,improve operating efficiency,and release the labor force. This study verifies the advantages of the blockchain technology application in China's insurance industry.It provides a theoretical basis for the practice and popularization of blockchain technology in the insurance market.However,the model also reflects certain issues to be solved in reality,including technology collaboration,parameter setting,concept conversion,and talent training.关键词
保险交易/区块链/排队论/交易费率/保单区块存储人Key words
Insurance transaction/Blockchain/Queueing theory/Transaction rates/Policy block miners分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
王丽珍,张简荻..基于排队论的动态最优保险区块链决策研究[J].管理工程学报,2024,38(3):172-185,14.基金项目
国家社会科学基金项目(19CJL033) （19CJL033）
中央财经大学科教融合研究生学术新星孵化计划(202116) The National Social Science Foundation of China(19CJL033) （202116）
The CUFE Postgraduate Students Support Program for the Integration of Research and Teaching(202116) （202116）
