管理工程学报2024，Vol.38Issue(3)：240-253,14.DOI:10.13587/j.cnki.jieem.2024.03.018
销售端回收的包装尺寸与产品线决策研究
Research on the package size and product line decision of the sales end recycling
摘要
Abstract
With the rapid growth of package products in their market value,package waste has caused serious environmental pollution and resource shortages.Retailers,as members closest to consumers in the supply chain,have taken many measures to recycle waste packages.For example,Coca-Cola has established a bottle-to-bottle recycling facility that can process 30,000 tons of plastic bottles or 2 billion plastic bottles per year.Starbucks has also promised to reduce its packaging wastes by 50%by 2030.At the same time,due to different package sizes with different convenience for consumers and different demands of consumers for package sizes,the package size plays a significant role in the purchasing behavior of consumers.When retailers bear the cost of packaging waste recycling,the package size will further influence the profitability of each member of the supply chain.Different choices of package size can be regarded as different choices of product line.Therefore,in addition to the recycling of packaging wastes by retailers,it is an important issue for manufacturers and retailers to design package sizes and product lines.Based on the above background,in order to help manufacturers make effective decisions on package size and product line under recycling channels of retailers,we combine those channels with package sizes to help enterprises achieve dual goals of maximizing profits and protecting the environment. First of all,we studied and summarized the existing foreign and domestic studies in the three aspects of recycling channels,package sizes and product lines.After a detailed introduction to its basic assumptions and notations,a recycling model of retailer is established,and the decision sequence and variables of every member in the supply chain in the model are described.First of all,the manufacturer determines the wholesale price and package size of a product,while the retailer determines the retailing price of the product and the recycling rate of package based on the manufacturer's response.Then,based on the consumer's willingness to pay,this paper establishes the demand function under the three strategies of product line including only providing big-size package products,only providing small-size package products,and providing both big-and small-size package products.After that,it adopts the backward induction method in game theory to solve the optimal decision results under the above three strategies.On this basis,using the method of comparative analysis,the paper analyzes the optimal wholesale price,retail price,package recycling volume,package recycling rate,package size,and profits of manufacturer profit,retailer profit and supply chain respectively under the three product lines of only providing big-size package products,only providing small-size package products and providing big-and small-size package products at the same time.Finally,in order to further explore the decision-making of package size under the recycling of retailers,it respectively studies influences of five parameters including production cost per unit size,recycling subsidy price per unit,recycling price per unit,consumption of the last unit product in a big-size package,and coefficient of recycling difficulty on the six optimal solutions including the optimal retail price,wholesale price,package size,package recycling rate,profit of manufacturer,and profit of retailer. The main conclusions have been obtained:2)When the coefficient of package recycling difficulty is low,the manufacturer should provide products in both big-and small-size packages;2)When the coefficient of package recycling difficulty is high,it is the optimal decision to provide only small-size package products;3)When the coefficient of package recycling difficulty is at a medium level,the manufacturer should choose to launch small-size package products;4)The recycling rate of small-size package products is lower than that of big-size package products,and the former recycling rate is at the lowest level when both big-and small-size packages are provided for products;5)An increase in the unit recycling price will lead to the same trend in the profits of both the retailer and manufacturer,while an increase in the unit recycling subsidy price will lead to a decrease in the profits of both them. Finally,the analysis and conclusion of this paper will provide reference for retailers to make decisions on package size and product line under recycling,which has important practical value in packaging waste recycling.Meanwhile,it also put forward the future research directions:1)This paper only considers a single retailer,so the competition of retailers can be the direction of further study;2)There are still manufacturer and third-party recycling channels in real life,so it is also a future direction to compare and analyze the package size decisions of the three recycling channels.关键词
逆向供应链/包装尺寸/回收渠道/产品线Key words
Reverse supply chain/Package size/Reverse channel/Product line分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
罗子灿,崔杰,罗定提,许凤连..销售端回收的包装尺寸与产品线决策研究[J].管理工程学报,2024,38(3):240-253,14.基金项目
国家社会科学基金项目(19BGL177) （19BGL177）
湖南省社会科学成果评审委员会课题一般项目(XSP19YBC214) （XSP19YBC214）
湖南省哲学社会科学基金年度项目(17JD27) The National Social Science Foundation of China(19BGL177) （17JD27）
The Hunan Provincial Social Science Achievement Review Committee Project General Project(XSP19YBC214) （XSP19YBC214）
The Hunan Philosophy and Social Science Foundation Annual Project(17JD27) （17JD27）
