化工进展2024，Vol.43Issue(4)：2063-2076,14.DOI:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-0623
我国石化储罐VOCs安全高效深度减排、回收和热氧化技术进展
Recent advances in safely efficient deep emission reduction,recovery and thermal oxidation of VOCs from petrochemical storage tanks in China
摘要
Abstract
This review summarized the VOCs generation and emission mechanisms,emission characteristics,as well as the progress in VOCs reduction,recovery and thermal oxidation technologies for the petrochemical storage tanks.It proposes opinions and suggestions,aiming to contribute to the deep reduction of VOCs emissions from petrochemical storage tanks in China.Besides the gas generation from the large and small breathing of storage tanks,there are also gas generation phenomena such as high temperature heavy oil thermal cracking.When calculating the combustible gas concentration in tank emissions,components such as hydrogen sulfide,methane,hydrogen and ammonia should not be overlooked.The current VOCs control for storage tanks in China and the United States mainly focuses on source reduction through the use of floating roof tanks,with process control during tank operation and end-of-pipe treatment as supplementary measures.However,it is difficult to meet increasingly strict environmental requirements.It is suggested that China should revise the current standards in a timely manner.According to calculations,the VOCs emissions from organic liquid storage tanks in China in 2019 were estimated to be approximately 392000t to 904000t,mainly from petrochemical enterprises.It is recommended to prioritize control emissions from intermediate product tanks such as crude diesel,crude gasoline,crude aviation kerosene,wax oil,fuel oil,and residual oil,together with tanks containing benzene,toluene,xylene,methanol,and other substances.It is proposed that China should carry out deep reduction of VOCs emissions from petrochemical storage tanks,including source reduction,process control and end-of-pipe treatment.The internal floating roof tanks with built-in gas bag could become another important source reduction technology following floating roofs.It is also emphasized that compared to absorption and condensation,low-temperature diesel absorption have advantages in treating exhaust gases from tanks with high sulfur content,such as crude gasoline,crude diesel,and high-temperature heavy oil.Furthermore,it is noted that overall VOCs control for external emissions from petrochemical storage tanks in China is transitioning from recovery to combined recovery and thermal oxidation(catalytic oxidation,regenerative thermal oxidation,incinerators,process heating furnaces,boilers).The control target for non-methane total hydrocarbons at the outlet of thermal oxidation units is set to be less than 20mg/m3.关键词
石化储罐/挥发性有机物/产气机理/减排/回收/氧化/安全Key words
petrochemical storage tank/volatile organic compounds(VOCs)/gas production mechanism/emission reduction/recovery/oxidation/safety分类
能源科技引用本文复制引用
刘世达,王海燕,侯栓弟,刘忠生,廖昌建,王宽岭..我国石化储罐VOCs安全高效深度减排、回收和热氧化技术进展[J].化工进展,2024,43(4):2063-2076,14.基金项目
生态环境部国家大气污染防治功关联合中心项目(DQGG202019) （DQGG202019）
中国石化科技部项目(322075). （322075）
