热带作物学报2024，Vol.45Issue(4)：761-771,11.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2024.04.012
施氮量和种植密度对甘薯封垄期干物质积累和分配及收获期产量的影响
Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate and Planting Density on Dry Matter Accumulation and Distribution at Ridge Sealing Stage and Yield at Harvest Stage of Sweetpotato
摘要
Abstract
In order to explore the effects of nitrogen fertilizer application rate and planting density on the source-sink relationship and yield of sweet potato during ridge-sealing period,and to improve the cultivation techniques of sweet potato in Hainan,a field experiment was carried out from 2019 to 2020.The fresh-eating sweet potato variety Gaoxi14 was used as the test material,and three planting densities were set up,namely 47 600 plants/hm2(D1),71,400 plants/hm2(D2)and 142 900 plants/hm2(D3).Four nitrogen application rates(0 kg/hm2(N0),60 kg/hm2(N1),120 kg/hm2(N2),180 kg/hm2(N3)were designed in a double-factor split plot design with planting density as the main plot and nitrogen application rate as the subplot to study the effects of different planting densities and nitrogen application rates on pho-tosynthetic characteristics,the relative chlorophyll content(SPAD),stem and leaf growth,dry matter accumulation and distribution in source and sink,tuber characteristics in ridge-sealing period,yield and its components and commodity in harvest period of Gaoxi14.Under the same planting density,the net photosynthetic rate(Pn),fresh weight of stem and leaf,number of branches,longest vine length,number of tubers per plant and single tuber weight of commercial sweet potato increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate,and reached the maximum at N1 treatment.The yield of sweet potato increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate,and reached the maximum under N2 treatment,which was 32.0%higher than that under N0 treatment,but there was no sig-nificant difference between N2 and N1 treatments.Under the same nitrogen application rate,the dry matter distribution ratio of sweet potato roots increased first and then decreased with the increase of planting density.The D2 treatment reached the maximum but there was no significant difference between D2 and D3 treatments.The root shoot ratio and yield increased significantly with the increase of planting density,and reached the maximum at D3 treatment.The yield of D3 was 30.9%and 24.1%higher than that of D1 and D2,respectively.The results of correlation analysis showed that the nitrogen application rate and planting density had significant effects on the dry matter accumulation and distribu-tion of root tubers,while the planting density had a significant positive correlation with the yield of sweet potato at harvest stage,and the correlation coefficient was 0.704.Based on the results of this experiment,when the nitrogen application rate was 60 kg/hm2 and the planting density was 142 900 plants/hm2(D3N1),the yield of Gaoxi 14 was the highest,reaching 30.1 t/hm2,and the corresponding potato commodity rate was 94.3%,which was the best among all treatments.关键词
甘薯/施氮量/种植密度/干物质积累/分配/产量Key words
sweetpotato/nitrogen application rate/planting density/dry matter accumulation/distribution/yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
陈玥,梁清干,王蒙召,陈艳丽,朱国鹏..施氮量和种植密度对甘薯封垄期干物质积累和分配及收获期产量的影响[J].热带作物学报,2024,45(4):761-771,11.基金项目
海南省重点研发计划项目(No.ZDFY2020226) （No.ZDFY2020226）
国家甘薯产业技术体系项目(No.CARS-10-sweetpotato). （No.CARS-10-sweetpotato）
