中国油料作物学报2024，Vol.46Issue(2)：245-259,15.DOI:10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2022299
长江中游地区油菜生产全程机械化技术进展与建议
Progress and suggestions on full mechanization of rapeseed production in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River
摘要
Abstract
Rapeseed is an essential oil crop in China.Hubei,Hunan and Jiangxi provinces in the middle reach-es of the Yangtze River are the main planting areas,which account for more than 42%of the total planted area of rapeseed in China.The area has more than 3467 ha of winter fallow field,with massive potential for utilization.The total mechanization rate of rapeseed tillage,seeding and harvesting in the 3 provinces is higher than national aver-age.Still,the uneven development,insufficient utilization of idle fields in winter,low levels of mechanization and in-telligence,are technical bottlenecks for improving whole mechanization.This paper analyzes the basic situation and existing problems of the rapeseed industry in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River,combing tillage,seeding,har-vesting key aspects of mechanization and intelligent technology,and gives the technical routes of the whole process of rapeseed production that could be promoted.Meanwhile,a comparative analysis of the technical characteristics and difficulties in promoting the application of the"tillage,seeding and harvesting"aspects of rapeseed production was carried out.Development trend of rapeseed production technology mode is semi-mechanized,mechanized to in-telligent in the winter fallow fields.The technical development paths of each link are discribed as"anti-blocking,anti-sticky,anti-tangle,and high-speed,efficient,low consumption"mechanized tillage.Integrated tillage and seeding technology to complete multiple working procedures simultaneously.High efficiency,low consumption and low loss of rapeseed mechanized harvesting technology should be combined with harvesting and two-stage harvest-ing synergistic development.The mechanization technology of feeding,vegetable and fertilizer and the critical tech-nology of intelligent rapeseed production should also be developed and applied simultaneously.To achieve high yield,several suggestions for promoting full mechanization technology model for rapeseed in the mid-winter fields of the Yangtze River are proposed.关键词
油菜/全程机械化/耕整地/播种/收获/进展Key words
rapeseed/full mechanization/tillage/seeding/harvesting/progress分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
郑娟,黄凰,廖宜涛,王磊,袁佳诚,林建新,廖庆喜..长江中游地区油菜生产全程机械化技术进展与建议[J].中国油料作物学报,2024,46(2):245-259,15.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD2000405) （2021YFD2000405）
国家油菜产业技术体系专项(CARS-12) （CARS-12）
