中国油料作物学报2024，Vol.46Issue(2)：359-369,11.DOI:10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2022307
专用肥用量对油菜籽产量及品质的影响
Effects of application rates of special formula fertilizer on the yield and quality of rapeseed
摘要
Abstract
Fertilizer application is an important material basis to ensure crop growth,and special formula fertil-izer for rapeseed is widely used in production as a key technology for light and simplified planting of rapeseed.The appropriate dosage of special formula fertilizer for rapeseed that clearly takes into account the dual objectives of abundant yield and high quality will provide key technical support for green and high-quality production of rape-seed.Five fertilizer dosages of 0,450,600,750 and 900 kg/hm2 were set through field trials at three locations in Ji-angling County,Shayang County and Honghu City,Hubei Province,in 2020-2021 to study the effects of different dedicated formula fertilizer dosages on rape yield,yield composition factors,nutrient content and quality.Applica-tion of the dedicated formula fertilizer significantly increased the number of corners per plant,the number of grains per corner and the thousand grain weight,which in turn enhanced the yield of rapeseed.Compared with the no-fer-tilizer treatment,the number of corms per plant,number of grains per corner and thousand grain weight increased by 277.4%,17.9%and 9.2%,respectively,and the yield of rapeseed increased by 183%-300%when the special for-mula fertilizer was applied at a rate of 900 kg/hm2.The application of canola-specific formula fertilizer significantly affected the oil and protein content of rapeseed.Compared with the no-fertilizer treatment,the protein content of rapeseed was highest at the special formula fertilizer dosage of 900 kg/hm2,with a growth rate of 16.0%-34.6%;the oil content was lowest at the fertilizer dosage of 900 kg/hm2,with a decrease of 4.4%-11.6%compared to the no-fer-tilizer treatment.Correlation analysis showed that the increase of special fertilizer significantly increased rapeseed yield,water content,protein,erucic acid and fatty acid composition,and reduced glucosinolate content in rapeseed.Taking into account the yield,rapeseed quality and feed,a special fertilizer dosage of 750-900 kg/hm2 could achieve higher rapeseed yield and protein yield with less increase in the production of glucosinolate,erucic acid and saturated fatty acid in rapeseed and Increased oil production.Continue to pursue quality improvement on the basis of yield increase of rape.Medium and trace elements can be added appropriately in combination with different soil fertility conditions to further improve the oil content of rapeseed and the composition of fatty acids,so as to achieve the synergy between yield and quality.关键词
油菜/专用肥适宜用量/产量/品质/相关性分析Key words
rapeseed/optimal rate of special fertilizer/yield/quality/correlation analysis分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
方雯,任涛,刘方舟,蒋博,鲁明星,张哲,鲁剑巍..专用肥用量对油菜籽产量及品质的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2024,46(2):359-369,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1600500) （2021YFD1600500）
财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-12) （CARS-12）
中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金(2662021ZH001) （2662021ZH001）
