新疆天山北坡两种草地类型放牧条件下多胎萨福克羊生产性能的对比分析OA北大核心CSTPCD
Comparative analysis of production performance of multiple Suffolk sheep under grazing conditions of two grassland types on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang
试验旨在探究新疆天山北坡温性荒漠草原和温性草原化荒漠两种草群产量、营养成分的月动态变化,以及两种草地类型条件下放牧的多胎萨福克羊母羊、断奶羔羊体重变化等.选择体重相近2岁多胎萨福克产后母羊、统一断奶后的羔羊各120只,随机各分为2组,每组3个重复,每个重复20只羊.A组羔羊和C组母羊于温性荒漠草原试验区域(Ⅰ型草群,即沟羊茅、针茅、新疆绢蒿型)放牧,B组羔羊和D组母羊于温性草原化荒漠试验区域(Ⅱ型草群,即博乐绢蒿、木地肤、短柱苔草型)放牧.试验期120 d.结果显示,6月、9月Ⅰ型草群鲜草产量均显著高于Ⅱ型草群(P<0.05),9月Ⅰ型草群干草产量均显著高于Ⅱ型草群(P<0.05),6月Ⅰ型草群干鲜比显著低于Ⅱ型草群(P<0.05).6月、9月Ⅰ型草群粗灰分含量显著低于Ⅱ型草群(P<0.05),7月Ⅰ型草群的粗蛋白含量显著高于Ⅱ型草群(P<0.05),9月Ⅰ型草群粗蛋白含量显著低于Ⅱ型草群(P<0.05),6月Ⅰ型草群的无氮浸出物含量显著高于9月(P<0.05),6月、7月和9月Ⅱ型草群磷含量显著高于Ⅰ型草群(P<0.05).两种放牧草地类型放牧条件下,放牧母羊总增重、平均日增重和相对增重差异均不显著(P>0.05),断奶羔羊体重均呈持续增长趋势,次年母羊的窝产羔数、初生重、羔羊断奶重差异均不显著(P>0.05).研究表明,随着气温的升高和降水量的减少,两种放牧草地类型的牧草产量呈先下降后上升的趋势,牧草营养水平呈下降趋势,多胎萨福克羊的放牧适应性和极端环境条件下的抗逆性较好.
The purpose of this experiment was to explore the monthly dynamic changes of yield and nutrient components of temperate desert-steppe type rangeland and temperate steppe-desert type rangeland on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang,and the effects of grazing on the weight changes of multiple Suffolk ewes and weaned lambs under the conditions of two grassland types.Suffolk postpartum ewes with a similar weight of two years old and 120 lambs after weaning were randomly divided into two groups.Each group had three repetitions,and each repetition had 20 sheep.Group A lambs and Group C ewes were grazed in temperate desert-steppe type rangeland experimental area(type Ⅰ grass group,namely Festucasulcata,feather grass and Seriphidium kaschgaricum),while Group B lambs and Group D ewes were grazed in temperate steppe-desert type rangeland experimental area(type Ⅱ grass group,namely Seriphidium borotalense Ling et Y.R.Ling,Kochia prostrata and Carex turkestanica).The trial period was 120 days.The results showed that in June and September,the fresh grass yield of type Ⅰ grass group was significantly higher than that of type Ⅱ grass group(P<0.05).In September,the hay yield of type Ⅰ grass group was significantly higher than that of type Ⅱ grass group(P<0.05).In June,the dry-fresh ratio of type Ⅰ grass group was significantly lower than that of type Ⅱ grass group(P<0.05).In June and September,the crude ash content of type Ⅰ grass group was significantly lower than that of type Ⅱ grass group(P<0.05).In July,the crude protein content of type Ⅰgrass group was significantly higher than that of type Ⅱ grass group(P<0.05),and in September,the crude protein content of type Ⅰ grass group was significantly lower than that of type Ⅱ grass group(P<0.05).The content of nitrogen-free extracts of type Ⅰ grass group in June was significantly higher than that in September(P<0.05).In June,July and September,the phosphorus content of type Ⅱ grass group was significantly higher than that of type Ⅰ grass group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in total weight gain,average daily weight gain,and relative weight gain between the two grazing grassland types(P>0.05).The weaned lamb weight increased continuously,and the litter size,litter weight,and weaned weight of ewes in the following year had no significant difference(P>0.05).The results showed that with the increase of temperature and the decrease of precipitation,the forage yield of the two grazing grassland types decreased first and then increased,and the forage nutrition level decreased.The grazing adaptability and stress resistance of multiple Suffolk sheep were better under extreme environmental conditions.
余乾;杨永林;杨华;张文喆
新疆农垦科学院省部共建绵羊遗传改良与健康养殖国家重点实验室,新疆石河子 832000
畜牧业
温性荒漠草原温性草原化荒漠绵羊体重繁殖性能
temperate desert-steppe type rangelandtemperate steppe-desert type rangelandsheepweightreproductive performance
《饲料研究》 2024 (008)
21-26 / 6
国家重点研发计划子课题(项目编号:2021YFD1300903-2);"天山英才"培养计划;兵团农业科技创新工程专项(项目编号:NCG202211);"兵团英才"培养计划;兵团科普发展专项(项目编号:2023CD004-01-3)
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