中国生态农业学报（中英文）2024，Vol.32Issue(5)：790-803,14.DOI:10.12357/cjea.20230691
两种产量水平下超级杂交稻氮素吸收利用特性
Characteristics of nitrogen absorption and utilization of super hybrid rice grown under two yield levels
摘要
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the characteristics of nitrogen(N)uptake and utilization in super hybrid rice grown under two yield levels to provide a theoretical and practical basis for super high-yield rice cultivation and super hybrid rice breeding in southwest China.Field and pot experiments were conducted in Deyang City(a high-yielding site,HYS)and Luzhou City(a medium-yielding site,MYS)between 2018 and 2020.Each year,two super-hybrid rice cultivars('Deyou4727'and'Luyou727')and two high-yielding inbred rice cultivars('Jinnongsimiao'and'Huanghuazhan')were planted at each site.Differences in N uptake,translocation,and utilization characteristics between the two yield levels and the four rice cultivars were studied.The results showed marked diffe-rences in grain yield,N uptake,and utilization between the two sites in the field experiment.Super-hybrid rice produced higher grain yield and partial factor productivity of applied N(PFPN)in HYS in comparison to those in MYS by 8.3％-23.2％and 8.3％-23.1％,respectively.Super-hybrid rice exhibited higher N uptake and rate of N uptake from sowing(SO)to panicle initiation(PI)and PI to full heading(HD)in HYS in comparison to MYS(except for the duration from PI to HD in 2018).However,HYS demonstrated high-er N accumulation during the grain-filling period of super-hybrid rice.Consequently,super-hybrid rice demonstrated 15.6％-33.7％higher total N uptake in HYS in comparison to MYS.On average,despite HYS showing a 4.6％higher N harvest index in super-hy-brid rice compared to MYS(except in 2018),a substantial amount of N was still retained in the straw at the maturity stage.Con-sequently,HYS demonstrated 11.3％lower N use efficiency for grains production(NUEGP)than MYS.Analysis of variance re-vealed that the effects of soil,the interactions of year(Y)×soil(S),S×location(L),and S×cultivar(C)were not significant for grain yield,N uptake,or NUEGP of super-hybrid rice grown in the pot experiments.The trends in grain yield,N uptake,and NUEGP of su-per-hybrid rice grown in the pot experiments were similar to those in the field experiments.HYS experienced a higher mean tempera-ture during the SO-PI phase,whereas the mean temperature was lower in HYS compared to MYS.The cumulative solar radiation dur-ing SO-PI,PI-HD,and HD-MA was higher in the HYS than in the MYS(except for PI-HD in 2018).Further analysis indicated that rice grain yield was significantly and positively related to N uptake accumulation during PI-HD,as well as the N harvest index in the HYS.There was a significant negative relationship of NUEGP with N uptake accumulation,and mean temperature during the SO-PI in the HYS.There was a significant positive relationship between rice grain yield and NUEGP and total N uptake in the MYS.Addi-tionally,NUEGP was significantly negatively correlated with mean temperature during the SO-PI and HD-MA in the MYS.Our find-ings indicated that the differences in grain yield,N absorption,and utilization characteristics of super-hybrid rice at different ecologi-cal sites are primarily related to the climatic factors(including mean temperature and solar radiation during the growing season)of the planted site.关键词
超级杂交稻/吸氮量/产量水平/氮素籽粒生产效率/气候因子Key words
Super hybrid rice/Nitrogen uptake/Yield level/Nitrogen use efficiency for grain production/Climatic factor分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
蒋鹏,周兴兵,张林,朱永川,郭晓艺,刘茂,熊洪,郭长春,徐富贤..两种产量水平下超级杂交稻氮素吸收利用特性[J].中国生态农业学报（中英文）,2024,32(5):790-803,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(31971844)、四川省生物育种重大科技专项(2022ZDZX0012-02)、德阳市科技计划重点研发项目(2021NZ040)、现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-01-25)和四川省"天府万人计划"资助 This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971844),the Key Science and Technology Project of Sichuan Province(2022ZDZX0012-02),the Key Research and Development Program of Science and Technology of Deyang City(2021NZ040),the Special Fund for the Industrial Technology System Construction of Modern Agriculture of China(CARS-01-25),and the"Tianfu Ten Thousand Talents Pro-gram"of Sichuan Province. （31971844）
