中国人口·资源与环境2024，Vol.34Issue(3)：91-101,11.DOI:10.12062/cpre.20230521
比例与预防原则关系理论对气候变化立法的阐释效应
Interpretation effect of the relationship between proportionality principle and precautionary principle on climate change legislation
摘要
Abstract
In order to speed up China's climate change legislation and properly handle the contradictions and confusions between the proportionality principle and the precautionary principle when they are applied to the field of climate risk regulation,this study uses the standard analysis method and the comparative analysis method to analyze the relationships between the two principles under the combi-nation of legislative theory and interpretation theory.The study finds that there are three theories concerning the relationships between the two principles.Among them,the'replacement relationship theory'easily leads to excessive prevention of climate risk,and the're-striction relationship theory'may eliminate the precautionary principle,making it difficult to effectively carry out climate risk regula-tion.In contrast,the'synergy relationship theory'is more appropriate to guide the construction path of China's climate change legisla-tion,is conducive to the implementation of the new'coordinated'development philosophy in national policies such as Responding to Climate Change:China's Policies and Actions and other national policies,and is in line with China's proposal of a national contribution to climate change.Through further interpretation in terms of theory,reasoning,and jurisprudence,this study finds that climate change legislation should bring issues such as'reaching peak carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality'into the overall planning of ecological civilization construction and the environmental law regulation system.The'synergy relationship theory'guidelines for Chi-na's climate change legislation include:① Adhering to the overall national security concept,fully integrating the principle of appropri-ate risk prevention into climate change legislation,and promoting the normative interpretation of climate risk regulation,the integration of climate change legal principles,and the institutional system.② Promoting the gradual work of climate change mitigation,preventing the work of climate change adaptability,and optimizing the climate change response system that pays equal attention to mitigation and adaptation.③ Promoting the synergistic efficiency of the reduction of pollution and carbon emissions and building a'common but dif-ferentiated'climate risk cooperation management and responsibility division system between governments in different regions,different industries,and between the central and local governments.④ Alleviating the tension between freedom value and safety value in climate risk regulation,promoting communication and coordination between administrative law and environmental law,and promoting the trans-formation of environmental law regulation from the traditional-order administration and welfare administration,which are based on cer-tainty,to the risk administration,which is based on uncertainty,so that the development of climate law can be promoted.关键词
风险规制/比例原则/预防原则/协同关系说/气候变化立法Key words
risk regulation/proportionality principle/precautionary principle/synergy relationship theory/climate change legislation分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
陈真亮,项如意..比例与预防原则关系理论对气候变化立法的阐释效应[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2024,34(3):91-101,11.基金项目
浙江省哲学社会科学规划领军人才专项课题"全面推进健康中国建设的环境法回应研究"(批准号:22QNYC16ZD) （批准号:22QNYC16ZD）
国家社会科学基金重大研究专项"社会主义核心价值观融入生态法治建设的基本路径和法律样态"(批准号:19VHJ016) （批准号:19VHJ016）
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大专项"习近平生态文明思想在中国大地的生动实践研究"(批准号:2022JZD009) （批准号:2022JZD009）
浙江省哲学社会科学规划重大项目"碳中和论丛"(批准号:24NDJC04ZD). （批准号:24NDJC04ZD）
