不同肠型孤独症患儿的肠道菌群和发育特征OACSTPCD

Objective:Children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)who exhibit concurrent gastrointestinal symptoms often have abnormal intestinal microbiota.The microbiota and their metabolites may participate in the pathogenesis of ASD through vagus nerve,immune,and metabolic pathways.This study aims to explore the characteristics of the intestinal microbiota,developmental characteristics,and gastrointestinal symptoms in children with ASD of different intestinal types,and further explore the relationship between the intestinal microbiota and growth and development. Methods:A total of 13 children with ASD undergoing rehabilitation training at Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital from January 2023 to June 2023 were selected for the study.Metagenomics was used to detect the intestinal microbiota of fecal samples from these children,and intestinal types were classified.Homogeneity and diversity of microbial communities were measured by Shannon index and Simpson index,and β-diversity was analyzed by principal coordinates analysis method.Effective sequences of the samples were annotated and classified using Kraken2 to study the species composition.Species with significant differences in abundance between groups were identified by linear discriminant analysis.The Griffiths Development Scales-Chinese Edition(GDS-C)was used to evaluate the growth and development of the children,and their gastrointestinal symptoms were also assessed. Results:Of the 13 children with ASD,8 belonged to a Prevotella group,4 to a Bacteroides group,and 1 to a mixed intestinal type group.Shannon index and Simpson index in the Prevotella group were higher than in the Bacteroides group,indicating higher abundance and evenness.The results of principal coordinates analysis showed statistically significant differences in the clustering range between the 2 groups(P=0.013),with significant differences in β-diversity.There were statistically significant differences in the main bacterial compositions and abundance at the phylum,genus,and species levels between the 2 groups.Species with significant differences in the Prevotella group included Eubacteriales,Clostridia,Anaerotignum,and Catenibacterium.In the Bacteroides group,species with significant differences included Phocaeicola,Bacteroidales,Bacteroidia,Bacteroidaceae,and Bacteroidota.GDS-C evaluation results showed no statistically significant differences in scores between the 2 groups before and after follow-up in the domains of locomotor,personal-social,language,hand-eye coordination,and performance.The intra-group comparison of the Prevotella group showed significant improvement in hand-eye coordination and performance(all P>0.05),while the intra-group comparison of the Bacteroides group showed significant improvement in locomotor activities.The different species between the 2 groups were correlated with the GDS-C scores.Children with ASD and constipation in the Prevotella group had more species from the genus Bacteroides and desulphurvibrio than those children without constipation. Conclusion:The growth and development of gut microbiota in children with ASD of Prevotella and Bacteroides types are significantly different,and there is a correlation between the gut microbiota and growth and development.