土壤与作物2024，Vol.13Issue(2)：127-139,13.DOI:10.11689/sc.2023112001
施肥对我国黑土农田土壤微生物群落多样性影响的研究及展望
Effects of fertilization on soil microbial community diversity in Chinese arable black soils:research progress and prospects
摘要
Abstract
Black soil of Northeast China is a precious soil resource.Due to long-term overuse without proper maintenance of its fertility,the degradation of arable black soils has been an indisputable issue.Fertilization is an important agronomic practice to maintain/improve the productivity of black soils and ensure crop yield.In this paper,the recent research progress on the influences of long-term application of organic fertilizer,inorganic fertilizer,combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer,as well as the effects of inorganic fertilizer N,P,K and their combinations on microbial quantity,community alpha diversity and beta diversity of soil bacteria,fungi,diazotrophs and denitrifying bacteria in arable black soils were reviewed.We found that the various findings depend on the location of the experimental sites,the treatments,the types of targeted microorganisms,and even the sampling year.Most studies found that long-term application of chemical fertilizer,especially nitrogen fertilizer,significantly reduces bacterial abundance and alpha diversity index,but has no significant effect on fungal abundance and alpha diversity.Different fertilizations significantly change the microbial beta diversity in black soils,but this change is limited,and the same fertilization treatment does not drive the homogenous succession of soil microbial community structures across different sites,indicating that the distribution of microorganisms in black soils has strong regionalism.In the study of long-term application of different inorganic fertilizers,it was found that N is the most important nutrient driving the change of soil microbial community in arable black soils than P and K.In this paper,besides discussing the changes of soil microbial community structure caused by long-term application of organic fertilizer,the potential ecological risk of antibiotic resistance gene pollution caused by organic fertilizer application and the counter measures of resistance genes are also discussed.Finally,some problems and knowledge gaps regarding the effect of fertilization on microorgan-isms in arable black soils are summarized,and the five future research comments are proposed.关键词
黑土农田/有机肥/无机肥/微生物丰度/微生物群落结构/抗生素抗性基因Key words
arable black soil/manure/inorganic fertilizer/microbial abundance/microbial community structure/antibiotic resistance gene分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王光华,胡晓婧,于镇华,陈雪丽,刘俊杰..施肥对我国黑土农田土壤微生物群落多样性影响的研究及展望[J].土壤与作物,2024,13(2):127-139,13.基金项目
中国科学院国际大科学计划培育专项(131323KYSB20210004) （131323KYSB20210004）
中国科学院战略先导专项(XDA28020201). （XDA28020201）
