热带地理2024，Vol.44Issue(6)：1127-1138,12.DOI:10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.20240207
海岛水产养殖业台风灾害脆弱性分析:以舟山和温州海岛地区为例
Vulnerability Analysis of Aquaculture to Typhoon Disasters in Island Regions:Evidence from the Zhoushan and Wenzhou Islands
摘要
Abstract
Islands are sensitive zones of sea-land interaction and typical ecologically fragile areas that are highly vulnerable to natural disasters,especially marine aquaculture,which is sensitive and at high risk to typhoon disasters;additionally,they are home to aquaculture households with high economic vulnerability to typhoons and poor adaptive capacity.This study focused on Liuheng Town of Zhoushan and the Dongtou District of Wenzhou,which were severely affected by Super Typhoon Lekima,and Gouqi Town of Zhoushan,which was severely affected by Typhoon In-Fa and Super Typhoon Chanthu,as case areas.Based on data acquired from 344 questionnaire surveys of aquaculture households and interview data from various related bodies,this study used factor analysis of mixed data and hierarchical clustering on principal components to identify the types of vulnerability of island aquaculture households to typhoon disasters and reveal the characteristics of each vulnerability type,as well as to identify the discriminative indicators of household vulnerability types,for analyzing the impact of typhoon disasters and other stressors on the vulnerability of island aquaculture households to typhoons.The results showed that the aquaculture industry and aquaculture households in the island areas showed high economic vulnerability,with most shrimp,crab,and shellfish mixed farming,algae,and mussel farming households suffering serious losses from typhoons.Second,differences in exposure,sensitivity,and adaptive capacity led to three different types and characteristics of vulnerability in aquaculture households.The degree of household exposure varied across aquaculture species,with mussels having the highest,algae the next highest,and shrimp,crab,and shellfish the lowest.Island aquaculture households showed outstanding sensitivity,as reflected in their high dependence on aquaculture,significant household human capital problems,relatively limited support from social networks,and frequent exposure to typhoon disasters.The adaptive capacity of households varied across aquaculture species,with mussel households having superior adaptive capacity,and shrimp,crab,and shellfish households and algal aquaculture households having relatively poor adaptive capacity.Third,the common influencing factors of aquaculture households'vulnerability to typhoon disasters are labor shortages,frequent typhoon disasters,and inadequate infrastructure.The differences among the significant discriminant indicators,such as the degree of exposure,aquaculture species,average annual household income,age and education level of the household head,social support,number and type of adaptation strategies adopted,and cost-benefit situation,are key to the formation of different vulnerability types.Finally,multiple stressors from the climate,ecosystem,economy and markets,society,institutions,and policies mutually interact to exert cumulative effects that increase the vulnerability of fishery ecosystems and the socioeconomic vulnerability of households in island regions.This study provides important empirical evidence for governments,aquaculture households,and other relevant stakeholders in island regions to reduce their vulnerability and increase their adaptive capacity.关键词
台风灾害/脆弱性/水产养殖业/渔业生态系统/海岛地区/舟山/温州Key words
typhoon disaster/vulnerability/aquaculture industry/fisheries ecosystems/island regions/Zhoushan/Wenzhou分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
王雨,袁海红,沈浪子,刘野,杨盼盼..海岛水产养殖业台风灾害脆弱性分析:以舟山和温州海岛地区为例[J].热带地理,2024,44(6):1127-1138,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(42101301) （42101301）
陆海国土空间利用与治理浙江省协同创新中心课题(LHGTXT-2023-003) （LHGTXT-2023-003）
