现代农业装备2024，Vol.45Issue(3)：2-10,9.
蔬菜种苗嫁接机与嫁接苗规模化生产的融合
Adaptation of Automated Grafting Machines to Large Scale of Grafted Seedlings Production
摘要
Abstract
Grafting seedling cultivation is an important technical means to overcome soil continuous cropping obstacles and high temperature and humidity diseases in vegetable production.In recent years,vegetable seedling grafting technology has been widely applied in production,and the annual production of vegetable grafting seedlings in China has reached 50 billion plants.At present,grafting vegetable seedlings mainly rely on manual operations for grafted seedlings production,and such a huge yield of grafting seedlings has brought great pressure to vegetable seedling production enterprises.Therefore,the development of automatic grafting machines has always been valued.However,so far,automatic grafting machines have not been applied in the actual production of vegetable grafted seedlings,except for advanced technology demonstrations.On the basis of in-depth analysis of the reasons why automatic grafting machines have not been practically applied,this article further explores the integration of automation level,operation mode,evaluation,and agronomic aspects of grafting seedling production in the development of automated grafting machines.In order to effectively integrate the advantages of large-scale production and grafting machines,and truly serve the production of grafting seedlings with automated grafting technology,the following suggestions are finally given:① In terms of cultivation,attention should be paid to the cultivation technology of special forms and uniform requirements for large-scale cultivation of grafting seedlings,providing a good foundation for automated operations,and achieving efficient and automated grafting production through the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy;②In terms of auxiliary mechanical operations in grafting production,ensuring precision seeding reduces the damage of automated operations to rootstock seedlings for grafting.The rootstock seedlings are raised using paper pot substrates to reduce the disturbance and damage to the root system of grafted seedlings caused by automated grafting operations.③ In terms of automated grafting machines,the main goal should be to improve the productivity of grafting operations,with a basic requirement of reducing manual intervention.Considering the equipment and technical conditions of seedling enterprises,grafting machines should adopt conventional industrial technologies as much as possible to reduce the difficulty of equipment troubleshooting and maintenance,and alleviate the technical pressure on users when using grafting machines.④ In terms of practical application of grafting equipment,simple,easy to operate,and reliable lightweight and simplified grafting devices should be vigorously promoted at the current stage,in order to improve grafting production,reduce technical difficulties,and reduce labor costs for manual operations.关键词
蔬菜种苗/自动嫁接/嫁接苗规模化生产/农机农艺融合/效益Key words
vegetable seedlings/automated grafting/large scale of grafted seedlings production/integration of machinery and agronomy/benefit分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
辜松..蔬菜种苗嫁接机与嫁接苗规模化生产的融合[J].现代农业装备,2024,45(3):2-10,9.基金项目
广东省重点领域研发计划——工厂化高效嫁接育苗技术及装备研究与示范(2023B0202110001) （2023B0202110001）
