山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）2024，Vol.44Issue(3)：24-36,13.DOI:10.13842/j.cnki.issn1671-8151.202402024
不同施肥量和种植密度对紫锥菊质量的影响
Effects of different fertilizer application rates and planting densities on the quality of Echinacea pur-purea
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aimed to explore the application potential and cultivation techniques of Echinacea purpurea(L.)Moench in Feng County,Shaanxi Province.[Methods]Field experiments were conducted from 2022 to 2023 using a split plot design with two factors:fertilization and planting densities.Five fertilizer treatments F0～F4 were applied based on different levels of yeast tobacco stem bioorganic fertilizer(0,1200,2100,3000,and 3900 kg·ha-1),and yeast organic-inorganic compound fertilizer:0,360,630,900,1170 kg·ha-1).Plant densities consisted of two levels(D1:63000 litters·ha-1,D2:31500 litters·ha-1),three plants per litter.Sampling was conducted in October 2022,July 2023,and October 2023.Various biological characteris-tics of E.purpurea such as plant height,stem diameter,flowering branch number,chlorophyll content,aboveground dry weight,root dry weight,as well as the content of chicoric acid,caftaric acid,flavonoids,polysaccharides,and the yield of E.purpurea medicinal materials were measured.[Results]Under the same fertilization conditions,as the planting density in-creased,the biological traits of E.purpurea decreased,while the content of effective ingredients and medicinal material yield in-creased,except for the content of polysaccharide.Under the same planting density,increasing fertilization initially increased and then decreased various biological traits,effective ingredients content,and medicinal material yield.The interactions be-tween fertilizer rates,planting densities,and their combinations significantly affected the contents of chicoric acid,caftaric acid,flavonoids,polysaccharides,and the yield of E.purpurea medicinal materials(P<0.05).The content of chicory acid,caftaric acid,and flavonoids in the aboveground part of E.purpurea was higher than that in the underground part,while the content of polysaccharides in the underground part were higher than that in the aboveground part.The quality and yield of E.purpurea harvested in July 2023 were the best.Among them,the F1D1 and F2D1 treatment groups had higher yields and contents of effec-tive components.[Conclusion]In summary,it is recommened to apply 1200～2100 kg·ha-1 of yeast tobacco stem bioorganic fer-tilizer and 360～630 kg·ha-1 of yeast organic-inorganic compound fertilizer,with a planting density of 63 000 plants·ha-1(plant spacing of 30 cm and row spacing of 60 cm),to obtain higher quality and yield of E.purpurea medicinal materials during culti-vation.关键词
紫锥菊/种植密度/施肥量/菊苣酸/单咖啡酰酒石酸/多糖/黄酮Key words
Echinacea purpurea(L.)Moench/Planting density/Fertilization amount/Chicory acid/Caftaric acid/Polysaccha-rides/Flavone分类
药学引用本文复制引用
白慧媛,张文珍,陈凤,杨平林,穆素杰,徐进,张跃进,杨建东,马亚团..不同施肥量和种植密度对紫锥菊质量的影响[J].山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）,2024,44(3):24-36,13.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1000203) （2021YFD1000203）
陕西省农业科技创新计划项目(NYKJ-2022-YL(XN)-13) （NYKJ-2022-YL(XN）
镇巴县天然药物研究与开发项目(K4050423491) （K4050423491）
秦创元"科学家+工程师"队伍建设(2024QCY-KXJ-105) （2024QCY-KXJ-105）
重大科技创新专项(L2023-ZDKJ-QCY-SXGG-GY-013) （L2023-ZDKJ-QCY-SXGG-GY-013）
