城市社区尺度花粉致敏风险评估方法研究进展OA北大核心CHSSCDCSTPCD

There has been an increasing incidence of pollen allergic diseases in cities around the world.As a fundamental unit of a city,community has an important impact on residents' health.Therefore,pollen-allergy risk assessment at community scale is significant to reduce pollen-allergy symptoms and improve health among residents.Therefore,this study reviewed relevant factors affecting pollen-allergy risk in communities from the perspectives of pollen-producing plant ontogeny and of the spatial environment affecting pollen dispersal.It further sorted out the assessment methods of pollen-allergy risk.Research findings indicated that the existing studies did not apply pollen-allergy risk assessment methods at mesoscale,especially urban communities,while focused on the microscale(i.e.,plant scale)and the macroscale(i.e.,city scale).In addition,in terms of factors affecting the risk of pollen-allergy,most existing methods were concerned with plant factors,such as the height and crown width of a plant,and few of them considered the environmental factors,including wind environment,temperature,humidity,etc.Finally,there were various architecture landscapes inside a community.Thus,understanding the interaction between plants and built environment was essential for pollen-allergy risk assessment at community scale.Based on these findings,we provided suggestions to develop pollen-allergy risk assessment at community scale.Firstly,we should develop a standardized dataset providing information about common plants in communities,and establish a pollen-allergy risk assessment method at community scale based on the evaluation of plants,community built environment,and clinical prevalence of pollen-allergy diseases.Secondly,we should build community three-dimension models to simulate pollen distribution and dispersal with visualization techniques,which contributes to reducing the morbidity of pollen-induced allergic diseases and improving health status of urban residents.