中国农业大学学报2024，Vol.29Issue(8)：134-146,13.DOI:10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2024.08.11
基于mtDNA D-loop序列分析青海省果洛州牦牛遗传资源的母系遗传多样性及群体遗传结构
Exploring maternal genetic diversity and population genetic structure of yak genetic resources in Golog Prefecture,Qinghai,China based on mtDNA D-loop sequence variations
摘要
Abstract
To systematically evaluate the maternal genetic diversity,population genetic structure and population genetic differentiation of the yak genetic resources in Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province,China at the molecular level,a total of 152 yaks from Gande,Banma,Jiuzhi,and Maduo Counties were collected and the corresponding mtDNA D-loop sequences were sequenced.The six yak populations were comprehensively analyzed after downloading 37 and 32 reported mtDNA D-loop sequences of Dari and Maqin yak populations from Genbank.The results showed that:1)57 polymorphic sites were detected in 221 mtDNA D-loop(636-638 bp)sequences of six yak populations,including 8 single polymorphic sites and 49 parsimony informative sites.A total of 45 haplotypes were identified based on nucleotide variations,among which 1,6,5,4,7,6 specific haplotypes were detected in Banma,Dari,Gande,Jiuzhi,Maduo,and Maqin yak populations,respectively.2)The haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of the six yak populations were 0.901 and 0.014,indicating abundant maternal genetic diversity in these yak populations.Among them,the highest haplotype diversity was found in the Gande yak population(Hd=0.951)and the lowest in the Jiuzhi yak population(Hd=0.818).3)Analysis of genetic differentiation and gene flow showed moderate genetic differentiation(0.05≤FST＜0.15)and poor gene exchange between Jiuzhi yak population and Banma,Gande,and Maqin yak populations respectively.However,the FST values among other yak populations were lower(0＜FST＜0.05)and had a low genetic differentiation,indicating gene exchange was relatively frequent.4)The clustering of Jiuzhi,Gande,and Banma yak populations was closer,while the clustering of Maduo,Maqin,and Dari yak populations was also closer.5)Phylogenetic analysis showed that among the six yak populations,except for the Jiuzhi yak population,which was composed of three maternal lineages(i.e.,Mt-Ⅰ,Mt-Ⅱ,and Mt-Ⅲ),the other yak populations were composed of two maternal lineages(Mt-Ⅰ and Mt-Ⅱ).It was speculated that Jiuzhi yak population has three maternal origins,and the other yak populations have two maternal origins.In summary,the six yak populations in Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture all had unique maternal genetic information and relatively rich maternal genetic diversity.The overall genetic differentiation among the 6 yak populations was very weak.The clustering of Jiuzhi,Gande,and Banma yak populations was closer,while the clustering of Maduo,Maqin,and Dari yak populations was closer.Except for the Jiuzhi yak population with three maternal origins,the other yak populations had two maternal origins.This study will provide a theoretical basis for further reasonable protection,development,and utilization of yak genetic resources in Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province.关键词
牦牛/mtDNA D-loop区/遗传多样性/遗传分化/群体结构/系统发育Key words
yak/mtDNA D-loop region/genetic diversity/genetic differentiation/population structure/phylogeny分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
曹萍,官却扎西,忠尕,李文浩,刘书杰,崔宏伟,马志杰,梅萨,陈生梅,李鸿康,郭卫兴,李瑞哲,达桑,才加,莫延新..基于mtDNA D-loop序列分析青海省果洛州牦牛遗传资源的母系遗传多样性及群体遗传结构[J].中国农业大学学报,2024,29(8):134-146,13.基金项目
青海省"昆仑英才·高端创新创业人才"计划(领军人才)项目和畜禽遗传资源普查项目 （领军人才）
