施钙对酸性土花生钙素吸收与积累的影响OA北大核心CSTPCD
Effects of Ca fertilizer application on Ca absorption and accumulation of peanut in acid soil
为探明施钙对不同类型土壤上花生钙素营养和干物质积累的影响,分别采用缺钙的酸化红壤和足钙的棕壤进行盆栽试验,以不施钙为对照,研究施用钙肥(CaO 600 kg·hm-2)对不同土壤中花生农艺性状、干物质积累以及钙素吸收、分配、利用的影响.结果表明,与不施钙相比,施钙可增加红壤花生的分枝数和主茎绿叶数,但在棕壤土上影响不显著.施钙显著促进两种土壤上花生各生育期不同器官干物质的积累量,有效改善了干物质分配,促进了营养体"源"中干物质"流"向荚果"库".相比不施钙处理,2019年和2020年棕壤土和红壤土成熟期施钙处理花生荚果干物质积累量分别增加51.3%、60.1%和44.3%、46.7%.施钙促进花生对钙素的吸收与积累,显著提高不同生育期各器官钙素含量、积累量,同时施钙提高了花生荚果和茎中的Ca素分配率,而叶、根、果针中的Ca素分配律则均有不同程度降低.施钙影响了花生籽仁品质,其中,红壤土中花生的O/L值、粗蛋白的含量分别增加10.8%、5.5%,棕壤土上分别增加4.5%、3.8%.综上所述,施用钙肥有利于酸性土花生改善农艺性状、促进干物质的积累、加快钙素向荚果中富集.本研究结果将为缺钙土壤上花生钙素营养状况的改善提供理论依据.
In order to investigate the effects of calcium application on dry matter and calcium nutritional of peanut in different soils,pot experiments were carried out in calcium-deficient acidified red soil and calcium suffi-cient brown soil respectively.The effects of calcium application(CaO 600 kg·hm-2)on the agronomic characteris-tics,dry matter and calcium absorption,distribution and utilization of peanut in different soils were studied with no calcium application as control.The results showed that calcium application in the red soil could increase the num-ber of branches and the number of main stems green leaves,but the effect was not significant in the brown soil.Cal-cium application significantly promoted the accumulation of dry matter in different organs of peanuts in different growth stages on the two soils,effectively improved the distribution of dry matter and promoted the"flow"of dry mat-ter from the"source"of nutrients to the"fruit bank".Compared with the treatment without calcium application,the dry matter accumulation in mature pods of brown soil and red soil increased by 51.3%and 60.1%respectively in 2019,and in 2020 it increased by 44.3%and 46.7%respectively.The application of calcium fertilizer promoted the absorption and accumulation of calcium in peanut,increased the calcium content and accumulation amount in dif-ferent organs of peanut during the whole growth period significantly.At the same time,calcium application in-creased the distribution rate of calcium in peanut pods and stems,while the distribution rate of calcium in leaves,roots and gynophore decreased to varying degrees.In addition,calcium application effected the quality of peanuts.The O/L value and crude protein content of peanuts in red soil increased by 10.8%and 5.5%respectively,and in brown soil increased by 4.5%and 3.8%respectively.In conclusion,The application of calcium fertilizer is benefi-cial to improve the agronomic characteristics of peanut in acid soil,promote the accumulation of dry matter,improve agronomic characteristics,and accelerate the accumulation of calcium in the pod.The results of this study provided a theoretical basis for the improvement of calcium nutrition status of peanut in calcium-deficient soil.
刘珂珂;于宏;高华鑫;郭峰;张佳蕾;王建国;万书波
山东省农业科学院农作物种质资源研究所,山东 济南,250100||山东省作物遗传改良与生态生理重点实验室,山东 济南,250100||农业农村部华东地区作物栽培科学观测实验站,山东 东营,257000山东省农业科学院农作物种质资源研究所,山东 济南,250100
农业科学
花生钙素酸性土干物质钙素积累
peanutcalciumacid soildry mattercalcium accumulation
《中国油料作物学报》 2024 (003)
657-663 / 7
山东省重点研发计划(2021LZGC026);泰山学者工程;国家自然科学基金(32272020)
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