生态学报2024，Vol.44Issue(12)：5328-5339,12.DOI:10.20103/j.stxb.202307021406
秸秆还田与氮肥施用对稻田温室气体排放的影响
Effects of straw returning and nitrogen fertilizer application on greenhouse gas emissions in rice paddy fields and research on fertilizer recommendation
摘要
Abstract
The incorporation of straw residues into fields and the application of nitrogen fertilizers represent two primary avenues for the supplementation of carbon and nitrogen elements in agricultural ecosystems.These practices play crucial roles in regulating greenhouse gas emissions,specifically methane(CH4)and nitrous oxide(N2 O),as well as influencing rice crop yields.Previous research has predominantly focused on examining the individual im＜acts of straw incorporation or nitrogen fertilizer application on greenhouse gas emissions in rice fields,while the interactive effects of these dual factors on CH4 and N2 O emissions remain insufficiently elucidated.Simultaneously,there exists a dearth of in-depth investigations into the judicious application of nitrogen fertilizers under condition of straw incorporation.This study,based on multi-year in-field experiments in rice paddies,implemented three nitrogen fertilizer treatments(0,180,and 360 kg N/hm2)and three straw incorporation treatments(0,2.25,and3.75 t/hm2).Results revealed a positive correlation between the increased levels of straw incorporation and elevated seasonal cumulative CH4 emissions,with no statistically significant positive correlation observed with nitrogen fertilizer levels.Conversely,the seasonal cumulative N2 O emissions demonstrated an increase commensurate with elevated nitrogen application levels,lacking a statistically significant positive correlation with straw incorporation levels.The impact of returning straw to the field on yield was uncertain,with the lowest yield observed in S0N0 treatment over two years.The lowest yields in 2021 and 2022 were 5740.64 and 4903.75 kg/hm2,respectively.The highest production in 2021 and 2022 occurred in the treatments of S0N2 and S2N2,with 10938.48 and 10384.83 kg/hm2,respectively.In the case of low straw incorporation,the carbon footprint(CF)of 251 kg N/hm2 corresponded to the lowest carbon footprint,1.01 kg C/kg;In terms of net ecosystem economic benefits(NEEB),the highest ecological and economic benefit was corresponding to the nitrogen application rate of 294 kg N/hm2,which was 11778.15 CNY/hm2.To optimize the ecological economic benefits and reduce carbon emissions under condition of low straw incorporation,the study recommended nitrogen application rate ranging from 251-294 kg N/hm2 as the optimal fertilization scheme.The research results provide theoretical foundations for guiding mitigation strategies related to greenhouse gas emission in rice paddy fields,achieving carbon neutrality in paddy fields and farmland management,and informing agronomic practices for attaining high and stable rice yields with low-carbon production.关键词
水稻/温室气体/秸秆还田/氮肥/推荐施肥Key words
rice/greenhouse gases/straw incorporation/nitrogen fertilizer/fertilizer recommendation引用本文复制引用
吴健成,刘小军,刘卿,汪翠存,陆汝华,刘艳,曹强,田永超,朱艳,曹卫星..秸秆还田与氮肥施用对稻田温室气体排放的影响[J].生态学报,2024,44(12):5328-5339,12.基金项目
上海市农业科技创新项目(I2023005) （I2023005）
国家重点研发专项(2023YFD1701002,2022YFD2301402) （2023YFD1701002,2022YFD2301402）
国家自然科学基金(32071903) （32071903）
