中国实用外科杂志2024，Vol.44Issue(6)：648-657,10.DOI:10.19538/j.cjps.issn1005-2208.2024.06.10
甲状腺癌远处转移常见部位及影像学检查的应用
The common sites of distant metastases in thyroid cancer and application of imaging examinations
摘要
Abstract
Metastatic Thyroid cancer can occur in various tissues or organs throughout the body,with lung and bone metastases being the most common,followed by liver and brain metastases.Due to the different imaging manifestations of distant metastases in different sites,misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis can quickly occur.Therefore,understanding the common sites of metastatic thyroid cancer and their imaging characteristics is particularly important.Ultrasound is a commonly used method for assessing thyroid nodules and cervical lymph nodes,but its sensitivity in detecting distant metastases is limited.In contrast,Computed Tomography(CT),Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI),Whole Body Radioiodine Scan(WBS),and positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET-CT)show higher sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing distant metastases.For lung metastases,CT is widely used due to its high spatial resolution.WBS is crucial for assessing the affinity of metastatic lesions to radioactive iodine,while PET-CT can provide information on tumor metabolic activity,which helps assess biological behavior.In terms of bone metastases,MRI has advantages in detecting bone metastases due to its high resolution and three-dimensional anatomical information.PET-CT combined with specific bone radiotracers has higher sensitivity in detecting osteoblastic lesions.MRI perfusion techniques help in the early detection of spinal metastases.Liver metastases are relatively rare in thyroid cancer but have a higher incidence in medullary thyroid cancer patients.Contrast-enhanced ultrasound can improve diagnostic accuracy,and MRI is valuable for detecting liver metastases in thyroid cancer.Brain metastases are extremely rare in thyroid cancer and are mainly seen in anaplastic thyroid cancer patients.MRI,with high sensitivity and specificity,is the preferred imaging method for assessing brain metastases.Additionally,metastatic thyroid cancer includes rare sites such as the kidney,heart,and skin,and imaging methods can assist in diagnosis.关键词
甲状腺癌/远处转移/转移部位/影像学检查Key words
thyroid cancer/distant metastases/metastatic site/imaging examinations分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
王志宏,张浩..甲状腺癌远处转移常见部位及影像学检查的应用[J].中国实用外科杂志,2024,44(6):648-657,10.基金项目
辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目(No.2022020225-JH2/1013) （No.2022020225-JH2/1013）
沈阳市科技计划项目(No.21-173-9-31) （No.21-173-9-31）
辽宁省教育厅高等学校基本科研项目自然科学类面上项目(No.JYTMS20230080) （No.JYTMS20230080）
