色谱2024，Vol.42Issue(7)：646-657,12.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1123.2023.12003
色谱在糖组学分析中的应用
Applications of chromatography in glycomics
摘要
Abstract
Glycomics,an emerging"omics"technology that was developed after genomics and proteomics,is a discipline that studies the composition,structure,and functions of glycomes in cells,tissues,and organisms.Glycomics plays key roles in understanding the laws of major life activities,disease prevention and treatment,and drug quality control and development.At present,the structural analysis of glycans relies mainly on mass spectrometry.However,gly-cans have low abundance in biological samples.In addition,factors such as variable monosac-charide compositions,differences in glycosidic bond positions and modes,diverse branching structures,contribute to the complexity of the compositions and structures of glycans,posing great challenges to glycomics research.Liquid chromatography can effectively remove matrix in-terferences and enhance glycan separation to improve the mass spectrometric response of gly-cans.Thus,liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry are important technical tools that have been actively applied to solve these problems;these technologies play indispensable roles in glycomics research.Different studies have highlighted similarities and differences in the applications of various types of liquid chromatography,which also reflects the versatility and flexibility of this technology. In this review,we first discuss the enrichment methods for glycans and their applications in glycomics research from the perspective of chromatographic separation mechanisms.We then compare the advantages and disadvantages of these methods.Some glycan-enrichment modes include affinity,hydrophilic interactions,size exclusion,and porous graphitized carbon adsorp-tion.A number of newly developed materials exhibit excellent glycan-enrichment ability.We enumerate the separation mechanisms of reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatogra-phy(RP-HPLC),high performance anion-exchange chromatography(HPAEC),hydrophilic in-teraction chromatography(HILIC),and porous graphitic carbon(PGC)chromatography in the separation and analysis of glycans,and describe the applications of these methods in the sepa-ration of glycans,glycoconjugates,and glyco-derivatives.Among these methods,HILIC and PGC chromatography are the most widely used,whereas HPAEC and RP-HPLC are less com-monly used.The HILIC and RP-HPLC modes are often used for the separation of derived gly-cans.The ionization efficiency and detectability of glycans are significantly improved after deri-vatization.However,the derivatization process is relatively cumbersome,and byproducts inevi-tably affect the accuracy and completeness of the detection results.HPAEC and PGC chroma-tography exhibit good separation effects on nonderivative glycans,but issues related to the de-tection integrity of low-abundance glycans owing to their poor detection effect continue to per-sist.Therefore,the appropriate analytical method for a specific sample or target analyte or mu-tual verification must be selected. Finally,we highlight the research progress in various chromatographic methods coupled with mass spectrometry for glycomics analysis.Significant progress has been made in glycomics re-search in recent years owing to advancements in the development of chromatographic separa-tion techniques.However,several significant challenges remain.As the development of novel separation materials and methods continues,chromatographic techniques may be expected to play a critical role in future glycomics research.关键词
液相色谱/糖组学/糖链富集/糖链分离Key words
liquid chromatography(LC)/glycomics/glycan enrichment/glycan separation分类
化学化工引用本文复制引用
郑义,曹翠岩,郭志谋,闫竞宇,梁鑫淼..色谱在糖组学分析中的应用[J].色谱,2024,42(7):646-657,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(22074143,21934005) （22074143,21934005）
江西省自然科学基金(20232BAB215021) （20232BAB215021）
江西省"双千计划"项目.National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22074143,21934005) （Nos.22074143,21934005）
Jiangxi Provincial Natural Sci-ence Foundation(No.20232BAB215021) （No.20232BAB215021）
Jiangxi"Double Thousand Plan". （）
