Role of maternal-fetal immune tolerance in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancyOACSTPCDMEDLINE

Normal pregnancy is a contradictory and complicated physiological process.Although the fetus carries the human leukocyte anti-gen(HLA)inherited from the paternal line,it does not cause maternal immune rejection.As the only exception to immunological principles,maternal-fetal immune tolerance has been a reproductive immunology focus.In early pregnancy,fetal extravillous trophoblast cells(EVTs)invade decidual tissues and come into direct contact with maternal decidual immune cells(DICs)and decidual stromal cells(DSCs)to establish a sophisticated maternal-fetal crosstalk.This study reviews previous research results and focuses on the establishment and maintenance mechanism of maternal-fetal tolerance based on maternal-fetal crosstalk.Insights into maternal-fetal tolerance will not only improve understanding of normal pregnancy but will also contribute to novel therapeutic strategies for recurrent spontaneous abortion,pre-eclampsia,and premature birth.