储能科学与技术2024，Vol.13Issue(7)：2224-2242,19.DOI:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0313
低温锂电池电解液的研究与应用
Low-temperature electrolytes and their application in lithium batteries
摘要
Abstract
The surge in electric vehicles and consumer electronics has diversified the performance requirements of the lithium battery-dominated modern energy market.A crucial performance metric impacting the practical use of lithium batteries is their operational temperature range.At low temperatures,commercial carbonate-based electrolytes exhibit reduced conductivity and increased viscosity,complicating the migration of lithium ions between the electrode and electrolyte.These conditions lead to diminished discharge capacity and shortened cycle life,considerably hindering the batteries'practical utility.Consequently,designing high-performance low-temperature electrolytes to enhance the cold-weather performance of lithium batteries is essential for expanding their application range.This review investigates the decline in lithium battery performance at low temperatures,assesses recent advancements in traditional and novel low-temperature electrolytes,and provides a detailed examination of solvents,solutes,additives,and solvation structures.This review particularly highlights the importance of optimizing the lithium-ion desolvation process in developing low-temperature electrolytes,underlining the pivotal role of microscopic solvation structures in understanding interfaces and lithium-ion migration at low temperatures.This comprehensive perspective aims to guide future designs of low-temperature electrolytes,offering a reference for developing large-capacity energy storage systems in cold environments.关键词
锂离子电池/锂金属电池/低温/电解液/溶剂化结构Key words
lithium-ion batteries/lithium metal batteries/low-temperature/electrolyte/solvation structure分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
陆洋,闫帅帅,马骁,刘誌,章伟立,刘凯..低温锂电池电解液的研究与应用[J].储能科学与技术,2024,13(7):2224-2242,19.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2023YFB2503700,2023YFC3008804),国家自然科学基金(22071133),北京自然科学基金(Z220020),北京市科学技术委员会资助项目(Z231100006123003). （2023YFB2503700,2023YFC3008804）
