储能科学与技术2024，Vol.13Issue(7)：2270-2285,16.DOI:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0294
低温锂电池电解液的发展及展望
Low-temperature lithium battery electrolytes:Progress and perspectives
摘要
Abstract
Lithium batteries are extensively used in portable electronic products and electric vehicles owing to their high operating voltage,high energy density,long cycle life,and low cost.However,their performance is critically limited under low-temperature conditions,posing challenges such as difficult charging,reduced discharge capacity,and shortened lifespan.Therefore,exploring the failure mechanisms of lithium batteries at low temperatures and enhancing their performance in such environments is crucial.This mini review discusses the impacts and failure mechanisms of electrolytes on lithium batteries at low temperatures,emphasizing the design of electrolytes.It highlights strategies and mechanisms to enhance lithium battery performance in cold climates.Key issues include sluggish lithium ion diffusion,increased electrical resistance,unstable electrode/electrolyte interphases,and potential lithium deposition,collectively degrading battery performance.Through electrolyte engineering—optimizing solvents,lithium salts,and additives—the operational temperature range of the electrolyte can be expanded,stable electrode/electrolyte interfaces can be constructed,and the desolvation process can be accelerated,thereby considerably improving performance.Furthermore,this review underscores that high-performance low-temperature electrolytes should fulfill three criteria:high ionic conductivity,stable electrode/electrolyte interphase,and rapid desolvation capability.This provides theoretical guidance for future synthesis of new solvents and electrolyte design.关键词
低温电解液/电极/电解液界面/脱溶剂化/锂电池Key words
low-temperature electrolyte/electrode/electrolyte interface/desolvation/lithium battery分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
姜森,陈龙,孙创超,王金泽,李如宏,范修林..低温锂电池电解液的发展及展望[J].储能科学与技术,2024,13(7):2270-2285,16.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(22161142047),浙江省自然科学基金项目(LR23B030002). （22161142047）
