渔业科学进展2024，Vol.45Issue(4)：112-124,13.DOI:10.19663/j.issn2095-9869.20231121002
基于宏基因组学的中华绒螯蟹养殖池塘水体微生物群落结构和功能组成分析
Metagenomics-Based Analysis of Microbial Community Structure and Function Composition in Aquaculture Pond for Chinese Mitten Crab(Eriocheir sinensis)
摘要
Abstract
The structure and function of microbial communities in aquaculture water bodies are important in the aquaculture ecosystem.To comprehensively and systematically evaluate the structure and functional composition of the microbial community in the water during Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)cultivation,the water quality indicators in the crab pond in Chongming District,Shanghai were monitored monthly from June to October 2022.The microbial species and functional structural characteristics in the water environment during the breeding period were analyzed based on metagenomics technology,and their relationships with environmental factors were discussed.The results showed that the major water quality indicators that exceeded the standard in the breeding pond were pH,permanganate index,total phosphorus,and total nitrogen.During the breeding period,the diversity of the microbial community in the water body from June to August and the richness of the microbial community from July to August were high,and the dominant microbial phyla in the water body were mainly Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria,Verrucomicrobia,Cyanobacteria,and Uroviricota.At the genus level,the top 10 dominant genera regarding abundance were significantly different among multiple groups.For example,the abundances of Microcystis bacteria in July and unclassified_o_Caudovirales viruses in August-October were significantly higher than those in other months.The primary function of microorganisms is metabolism,including energy metabolism,global and overview maps,and amino acid metabolism.Notable differences are present in the functional composition of different months;particularly,the abundance of metabolic pathways in June-July was significantly higher than that in August-October,and the dominant bacteria(Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,and Bacteroidetes)were major contributors to the aforementioned functions.The influence trends of environmental factors on the structure and functional composition of microbial communities were consistent.Chlorophyll a and pH had the most significant impact on the structure and functional composition of microbial communities,whereas dissolved oxygen and total phosphorus had a slightly weaker impact.The pathogenic bacteria with a relatively large abundance in aquaculture water bodies are Salmonella enterica,Edwardsiella ictaluri,and Staphylococcus aureus.The research results provide basic data for the study of microbial community structure and functional composition in water bodies of Chinese mitten crab breeding ponds and can provide a theoretical basis for aquaculture water quality control and ecosystem construction.关键词
养殖塘/中华绒螯蟹/宏基因组学/微生物群落/功能/环境因子Key words
Aquaculture pond/Chinese mitten crab/Metagenomics/Microbial communities/Functions/Environmental factors分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张旭,张亚雷,周丽,蔡敏,崔娜欣,庞思,邹国燕,赵志勇,袁泉,黄伟伟..基于宏基因组学的中华绒螯蟹养殖池塘水体微生物群落结构和功能组成分析[J].渔业科学进展,2024,45(4):112-124,13.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2021YFC3201503)、长江生态环境保护修复联合研究二期项目(2022-LHYJ-020304)、上海市科委"科技创新行动计划"项目(21DZ1202204)和上海市农业科学院卓越团队建设计划/助跑计划项目(沪农科卓[2022]023)共同资助. （2021YFC3201503）
