南方建筑Issue(7)：11-21,11.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2024.07.002
面向更新片区的城市体检评估指标体系构建与实践
Establishment and Testing of an Urban Health Assessment Index System Oriented to Urban Renewal Districts:An Empirical Analysis based on 31 Urban Renewal Districts in Changsha
摘要
Abstract
In the context of rapid urbanization,urban renewal has attracted extensive attention as a key approach to enhance urban functions and improve residents'quality of life.In particular,urban renewal has been designated as a national strategies during the"14th Five-year Plan".However,current urban health assessment systems are mainly focused on a macro level,lacking a deep analysis on district-level urban health assessment details.This restricts improvements of targets and effectiveness of urban renewal projects.Changsha is a typical city that develops quickly.The urban renewal districts in Changsha are facing diversified challenges and demands.It is urgent to develop a set of refined health assessment tools to guide renewal practices.Based on a big data analysis,a universal assessment index system was built to fill in the blanks and improve the operability and specificity of district-level urban health assessments. In terms of research methodology,a critical analysis of the"no urban health assessment,no renewal"policy was carried out and the research basis for urban health assessment at home and abroad was reviewed.A district health assessment framework oriented to the urban renewal scene was proposed.Subsequently,level-1,level-2,and level-3 indexes of the system were determined from the perspectives of residential quality,district facilities,industrial resources,public spaces,cultural landscape,green energy-saving,safety resilience,and diversity inclusion.Moreover,index weights were determined by analytic hierarchy processes(AHP).Moreover,for the calculation of typical indicators,the following methods were introduced:① spatial distribution of permanent residents,which is established based on WorldPop population grids;② dynamic analysis of Baidu real-time traffic data based on the FME platform;③ walking coverage of public service facilities of the hour-circle API interface based on Mapbox. According to the obtained research results,31 urban renewal districts in Changsha have high scores in diversity,inclusivity,safety,and resilience,but the cultural landscape has low scores.Subsequently,these were divided into five types based on K-means feature clustering and Radar graph hierarchical exploration,including old town core type,core periphery type,core secondary periphery type,university type in scenic spot,and suburb type.The core/peripheral circle districts and single-dimension advantageous districts were further summarized based on suggestions of renewal and reconstruction.The former suggests relieving pressure of core urban areas and releasing more land spaces by strengthening the functional dispersion of the old city,promoting shantytown transformation,and industrial relocation.The latter suggests improving supporting facility levels based on single resource advantages and meeting residents'daily needs by building a 15-minute living circle.In summary,this study achieved three objectives:1)it establishes an urban health assessment index system for practical application in districts;2)a multifactorial feature analysis method was developed to classify index evaluation results and explore features;3)suggestions based on the reconstruction of renewal districts based on evaluation scores are proposed.These provide differential strategies for the planning of urban renewal districts in Changsha.Additionally,it also highlights that there is insufficient supporting and theory.In future,the accuracy of data and theory requires improvement.关键词
城市体检/城市更新片区/指标体系/城市更新/大数据/长沙市/FMEKey words
urban health assessment/urban renewal districts/index system/urban renewal/big data/Changsha city/FME(feature manipulation engine)分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
吴海平,杨瑛,毛磊,王帅航..面向更新片区的城市体检评估指标体系构建与实践[J].南方建筑,2024,(7):11-21,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(41871154):适应性治理视角下的城市更新:广州与圣彼得堡的比较研究 （41871154）
湖南省科学技术厅-湖南创新型省份建设专项经费资助课题(2019SK2101):智慧湖南国土空间规划关键技术研究与示范"52、新时代国土空间规划关键技术研究与示范" （2019SK2101）
中建股份科技研发重点课题(CSCEC-2022-Z-10):更新片区城市体检评估关键技术研究 （CSCEC-2022-Z-10）
中建五局科技研发课题(cscec5b-2022-09):片区更新前策划-后评估关键技术研究与示范 （cscec5b-2022-09）
中建五局科技研发课题(cscec5b-2024-13):城市体检关键技术及应用场景研究. （cscec5b-2024-13）
