基于体长结构分析的赤水河鱼类禁渔效果评估OA北大核心CSTPCD
EVALUATION OF FISHING BAN EFFECT IN THE CHISHUI RIVER BASED ON BODY LENGTH STRUCTURE ANALYSIS
为评估赤水河禁渔效果,研究分析了禁渔前5年(2012-2016年)与禁渔后5年(2017-2021年)20种主要鱼类种群的平均体长、种群体长比例分布(Proportional size distribution,PSD)及种群中性成熟个体占比变化.结果显示:在禁渔持续5年后,主要物种个体小型化初步缓解,大个体及性成熟个体占比增加,种群结构得到优化.其中,16种鱼类种群平均体长增长1.7％-104.5％(P＜0.05);种群PSD值增长1-57(P＜0.05);13种鱼类种群中性成熟个体占比增加1.0％-81.4％.但是,并非所有物种都呈现一致性的表现,有2种鱼类种群平均体长及PSD值无显著变化;2种鱼类种群平均体长下降2.4％-6.2％(P＜0.05),种群PSD值下降3-15(P＜0.05).7种鱼类种群中性成熟个体占比下降0.8％-18.1％.在禁渔后,20种主要鱼类的种群体长结构变化存在差异,这表明尽管大部分的优势鱼类种群结构得到有效改善,赤水河鱼类的全面恢复却尚未实现.禁渔措施在促进部分鱼类资源恢复的同时,也改变了鱼类群落结构,并推动了整个水域生态系统的动态调整.因此文章建议,赤水河禁渔应当持续,并应在此基础上开展全面、长期、连续的监测和研究,以期实现赤水河鱼类资源的有效恢复和生态系统服务功能的提升,并为长江十年禁渔效果的评估及未来资源管理和生态保护提供可靠的理论和技术支撑.
The prohibition on fishing in the Chishui River,implemented in 2017,serves as a pioneering demonstration zone for the 10-Year Fishing Ban in the Yangtze River.To assess the effectiveness of the fishing ban in the Chishui River,we analyzed the average body length,proportional size distribution(PSD),and changes in the proportion of sexually mature individuals for 20 major fish species over the first five years before the ban(2012-2016)and the subsequent five years after the ban(2017-2021).The results showed that after five years of the fishing ban,there was a preliminary alleviation of the downsizing trend in the individuals of major species,characterized by an increase in the proportion of larger individuals and sexually mature individuals,thereby optimizing the population structure.Specifi-cally,the average body length of 16 fish species increased by 1.7％to 104.5％(P＜0.05);PSD values for the popula-tions increased by 1 to 57(P＜0.05);and the proportion of sexually mature individuals increased by 1.0％to 81.4％for 13 fish species.However,consistent performance across all species was not observed.Two fish species showed no significant changes in average body length and PSD values,while two fish species experienced a decrease of 2.4％to 6.2％in average body length(P＜0.05)and a decrease of 3 to 15 in PSD values(P＜0.05).The proportion of sexually mature individuals decreased by 0.8％to 18.1％for seven fish species.Following the commencement of the fishing ban,variations in body length structures were observed among different species,although the population structure of some of the major fish species had been effectively improved,the full recovery of fish species in the Chishui River had not yet been realized.While promoting the recovery of some fish resources,the fishing ban also changed the structure of the fish community and contributed to the dynamic adjustment of the entire aquatic ecosystem.Consequently,we recommend the continuation of the fishing ban in the Chishui River,along with long-term,continuous,and targeted monitoring and research.Such efforts are crucial for achieving the effective recovery of fishery resources in the Chishui River and enhancing ecosystem service functions.Furthermore,this study provides a reliable theoretical and technical foundation for evaluating the 10-year ban on fishing in the Yangtze River and guiding future resource management and ecological conservation.
鲁文楷;朱忠胜;刘飞;高欣;刘焕章
中国科学院水生生物研究所,中国科学院水生生物多样性与保护重点实验室,武汉 430072遵义市农业农村局,遵义 563000
水产学
体长结构体长比例分布性成熟个体占比十年禁渔鱼类种群赤水河
Population body length structureProportional size distributionPercentage of sexually mature individuals10-Year Fishing BanFish PopulationChishui River
《水生生物学报》 2024 (008)
1433-1442 / 10
科技基础资源调查专项(2022FY100400);三峡工程运行安全综合监测系统,库区维护和管理基金(2136703);中国生物多样性监测与研究网络-内陆水体鱼类多样性监测网资助;知识创新专项-基础研究项目(2022020801010141)资助[Supported by the National Science and Technology Basic Resources Survey Special Project(2022FY100400);The Comprehensive Safety Monitor-ing System of Three Gorges Project,Resevoir Operation and Management Fund(2136703);The Sino BON-Inland Water Fish Diversity Observation Network;Knowledge Innovation Program of Wuhan-Basic Research(2022020801010141)]
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