玉米秸秆长期还田配施氮肥对不同筋性小麦品质和产量的影响OA
Effects of Long-term Corn Straw Returning Combined with Nitrogen Fertilizer on Quality and Yield of Different Gluten Wheat
为研究玉米秸秆还田配施氮肥对不同筋性小麦品质和产量的影响,采用玉米秸秆还田(SR)、玉米秸秆不还田(NSR)为主因素,0、90、180、270、360kg·hm-2 5个施氮量为副因素的裂区设计,测定了小麦千粒质量、容重、产量、硬度、蛋白质、湿面筋、沉降值、吸水率、面团形成时间、面团稳定时间、延展性、最大延伸阻力和延伸面积等指标.结果表明:玉米秸秆还田降低了小麦的蛋白质和湿面筋含量,且中筋小麦青农2号的降幅大于高筋小麦济南17;玉米秸秆还田显著降低了青农2号的硬度、沉降值、吸水率、面团形成时间和延展性,显著提高了济南17的硬度、吸水率、延展性、最大延伸阻力和延伸面积;2个小麦品种的蛋白质、湿面筋含量均随着施氮量的增加而增加;青农2号的沉降值、吸水率、面团形成时间、面团稳定时间、延展性、最大延伸阻力和延伸面积均随着施氮量的增加而增加,而济南17的吸水率、延展性、最大延伸阻力和延伸面积在施氮量为180 kg·hm-2时最高,沉降值、面团形成时间、面团稳定时间在施氮量为270 kg·hm-2时最高;SR显著提高了小麦产量,比NSR增产15.2％～31.0％,且施氮量为180 kg·hm-2时,小麦产量最高.因此,中筋小麦青农2号的最佳种植模式为玉米秸秆还田+施氮180 kg·hm-2,高筋小麦济南17的优质高产栽培模式为玉米秸秆还田+施氮180～270 kg·hm-2.
In order to study the effects of maize straw returning combined with nitrogen fertilizer on the quality and yield of wheat with different gluten,the experiment adopted a split plot design with maize straw returning(SR)and maize straw not returning(NSR)as main factors,and five nitrogen application rates of 0,90,180,270,360 kg·hm-2 as side factors.Wheat thousand grain mass,bulk weight,yield,hardness,protein,wet gluten,sedimentation value,water absorption rate,dough formation time,dough stability time,ductility,maximum extension resistance and extension area were measured.The protein and wet gluten contents of wheat were decreased by maize straw returning,and the decrease of medium-gluten wheat Qingnong 2 was greater than that of high-gluten wheat Jinan 17.SR significantly reduced the hardness,sedimentation value,water absorption rate,dough formation time and ductility of Qingnong 2,while significantly improved the hardness,water absorption rate,ductility,maximum extension resistance and extension area of Jinan 17.The content of protein and wet gluten of two wheat varieties increased with the increase of nitrogen application.The settlement value,water absorption rate,dough formation time,dough stability time,ductility,maximum extension resistance and extension area of Qingnong 2 all increased with the increase of nitrogen application,while the water absorption rate,ductility,maximum extension resis-tance and extension area of Jinan 17 were the highest when the nitrogen application was 180 kg·hm-2.The settling value,dough for-mation time and dough stabilization time of Jinan 17 were the highest when he nitrogen application was 270 kg·hm-2.SR significantly increased wheat yield by 15.2％-31.0％compared with NSR,and the wheat yield was the highest when the nitrogen application was 180 kg·hm-2.Therefore,it is recommended that the best planting mode of Qingnong 2 is maize straw returning to field and nitrogen application of 180 kg·hm-2,while the high-quality and high-yield cultivation mode of Jinan 17 is maize straw returning to field and nitrogen application of 180-270 kg·hm-2.
宋朝玉;王圣健;王瑞英;黄俊杰;宫明波;盖红梅
青岛市农业科学研究院,山东青岛 266100
农业科学
小麦玉米秸秆还田品质产量
wheatmaizestraw returning to fieldqualityyield
《天津农业科学》 2024 (006)
15-20 / 6
青岛市科技惠民示范专项(24-1-8-xdny-1-nsh);国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFD0301002)
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