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退役晶硅光伏组件中材料物质回收技术现状分析与建议OA北大核心CSTPCD

Current situation analysis and suggestions on recycling technologies for materials contained in end-of-life crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules

中文摘要英文摘要

退役晶硅光伏组件中同时存在有价值的和对环境有害的材料物质.焚烧和填埋的方式处理退役晶硅光伏组件是不适当的,这不符合光伏技术作为绿色清洁能源技术的理念.反之,将退役晶硅光伏组件中含有的材料物质回收再利用则会带来环境和经济效益,有利于光伏行业的可持续发展.以实现退役晶硅光伏组件中材料物质的高值回收为目标,本文通过综述国内外相关文献,总结分析组件中不同材料物质的现有回收技术的优点和缺点,在此基础上,提出退役晶硅光伏组件中材料物质综合回收的技术路径.基于晶硅光伏组件的结构和材料特性,按照一定的程序组合使用物理处理、热处理、化学处理方法实现组件中不同材料物质的高值回收.首先,通过简单拆卸回收铝边框和接线盒.其次,通过热辅助物理剥离回收高值玻璃和纯度较高的背板,然后热解EVA以回收其中蕴含的能量.第三,通过湿法冶金或火法冶金处理硅电池碎片和焊带,回收其中的硅和金属元素.这些建议为光伏行业开发低成本、绿色、高效的退役晶硅光伏组件回收工艺提供了参考.

End-of-life crystalline silicon photovoltaic(c-Si PV)modules contain both valuable materials and environmentally hazardous substances.Disposal of end-of-life c-Si PV modules by incineration and landfill is inappropriate,which is inconsistent with the idea of PV technology as a green and clean energy technology.On the contrary,recycling the materials contained in end-of-life c-Si PV modules offers significant environmental and economic benefits,which is conducive to the sustainable development of PV industry.Aiming at the high-value recycling of the materials contained in end-of-life c-Si PV modules,relevant literature at home and abroad was reviewed to summarize and analyse the advantages and disadvantages of the existing recycling technologies for different materials contained in end-of-life c-Si PV modules.Based on these,a technical path for the comprehensive recycling of the materials contained in end-of-life c-Si PV modules was proposed.Based on the structure and material characteristics of c-Si PV modules,a certain procedural combination of physical treatment,thermal treatment,and chemical treatment is used to recycle each material in the module.Firstly,aluminum frame and junction box are recovered by simple disassembly.Secondly,glass and backsheet are recovered by heating-assisted physical stripping and then EVA is pyrolyzed to recover the energy embedded in it.Thirdly,silicon cell fragments and ribbons are treated by hydrometallurgy or pyrometallurgy to recover Si and metal elements.These suggestions provide a reference for the PV recycling industry to develop low-cost,green,and high-efficiently recycling processes.

王魁;李金惠;刘丽丽

清华大学环境学院,北京,100084青海大学财经学院,青海西宁,810016

环境科学

退役完整光伏组件破碎光伏组件晶硅回收材料物质

end-of-lifeintact PV modulesbroken PV modulescrystalline siliconrecyclingmaterials

《中南大学学报(自然科学版)》 2024 (006)

2117-2128 / 12

国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1908504)(Project(2019YFC1908504)supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China

10.11817/j.issn.1672-7207.2024.06.006

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