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轻量化高速列车制动盘材料-结构研究进展OA北大核心CSTPCD

Progress of material-structure research on brake discs for lightweight high-speed trains

中文摘要英文摘要

400 km/h高速列车紧急制动的强热负荷,导致制动盘温升高、温度分布梯度大和热衰减强,已超出钢质制动盘能载极限,开发耐高温强耐磨的制动盘材料,同时提升制动盘通风散热能力成为制动技术发展瓶颈.综述高速制动盘材料从高强度铸钢和锻钢、轻量化铝基复合材料至耐高温耐磨碳陶复合材料和表面改性技术发展历程,随着碳陶复合材料的台架试验和表面改性技术的摩擦磨损试验研究的深化,表面改性轻质复合材料是制动盘材料未来发展方向.概述通风制动盘内部散热层散热筋结构形貌优化、摩擦层表面耐磨性能改善的发展现状,内部散热筋由直通道设计逐渐演化为弯曲、支柱以及分形通道,镂空结构能更好地加速空气流动提高散热;表面摩擦层引入打孔或划线,更易于摩擦粉尘的抛离从而稳定摩擦因数,保持制动效果;但复杂通风导流结构和打孔划线增加了制备工艺的难度,提出高速制动盘结构构型设计需要综合材料热力学性能、制备工艺及耐热耐磨需求,形成材料-结构-功能—体化设计理念,为实现更高速的制动盘优化设计提供参考.

400 km/h high-speed train emergency braking of the strong thermal load,resulting in brake disc temperature rise,temperature distribution gradient and thermal attenuation of strong,has exceeded the limit that the steel brake disc can load,and the development of high-temperature and wear-resistant brake disc materials,while enhancing the brake disc ventilation and heat dissipation capacity becomes the bottleneck of the development of braking technology.Overview of high-speed brake disc materials from high-strength cast steel and forged steel,lightweight aluminium composite materials to high-temperature wear-resistant carbon ceramic composite materials and surface modification technology development process,with the deepening of carbon ceramic composite materials bench test and surface modification technology friction and wear test research,surface modified lightweight composites are the direction of the future development of brake disc materials.The development status of the optimisation of the structure and morphology of the heat dissipation rib in the internal heat dissipation layer of the ventilated brake disc and the improvement of the wear-resistant performance of the friction layer are outlined.The internal heat dissipation rib has gradually evolved from the design of the straight channel to the bending,strutting and fractal channel,and the open-worked structure can better accelerate the air flow and improve the heat dissipation.However,the complex ventilating structure and perforation and scribing increase the difficulty of the preparation process.It is proposed that the structural configuration design of high-speed brake discs needs to integrate the thermomechanical properties of the materials,the preparation process,and the demand for heat and wear resistance to form a material-structural-functional-constructive design concept,which can be used as a reference for the optimal design of higher-speed brake discs.

姚曙光;周亿莉;许平;龙雅婷;阳程星

中南大学轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙,410075||中南大学轨道交通安全关键技术国际合作联合实验室,湖南长沙,410075||中南大学轨道交通列车安全保障技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,湖南长沙,410075中南大学轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙,410075

交通运输

高速列车制动盘轻质复合材料结构优化设计

high-speed trainbrake disclightweight composite materialstructural optimisation design

《中南大学学报(自然科学版)》 2024 (006)

2414-2431 / 18

国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB3703801)(Project(2021YFB3703801)supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China

10.11817/j.issn.1672-7207.2024.06.031

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