作物学报2024，Vol.50Issue(8)：2053-2066,14.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.33071
不同品种玉米根-冠生长对土壤紧实胁迫的差异性响应特征
Root and shoot growth of different maize varieties in response to soil compac-tion stress
摘要
Abstract
Soil compaction has become a limiting factor for further increasing maize yield as the development of intensification and mechanization in agriculture in the Huang-Huai-Hai region.Understanding the characteristics of root and shoot growth of different maize varieties under soil compaction stress is benefit for maize high-yield cultivation.To analyse the root and shoot growth and yield of different maize varieties under different levels of soil compaction stress,in this study,three maize varieties were selected,and three soil compaction levels[no compaction stress(NC:no compaction stress,bulk density 1.0-1.3 g cm-3),moderate compaction stress(MC:moderate compaction stress,bulk density 1.4-1.5 g cm-3),and heavy compaction stress(HC:heavy compaction stress,bulk density>1.6 g cm-3)]were simulated by mechanical rolling in the same field.The results showed that compared with NC,maize yield under MC and HC treatments decreased by 3.8%-10.3%and 12.5%-33.3%,respectively.There were differences in maize root and shoot growth and yield formation under soil compaction stress among three varieties.Under MC treatment,root length,root dry matter,and root-shoot ratio of DK517 increased by 6.0%and 14.0%,15.7%and 29.6%,18.8%and 24.8%,respectively,compared to ZD958 and DH605.However,there was no significant difference in the maximum leaf area index,total dry matter,and yield.Under HC treatment,root length and root dry matter of DK517 increased by 8.4%and 22.5%,29.6%and 57.8%,respectively,compared to ZD958 and DH605,and the maximum leaf area index,total dry matter,and root-shoot ratio increased by 4.6%and 15.5%,3.7%and 20.9%,28.0%and 32.1%,respectively,resulting in an increase in yield of 7.5%and 27.2%,respectively.The correlation analysis showed that soil bulk density and penetration resistance were negatively correlated with maize root and shoot growth and yield(P<0.01).In summary,soil compaction stress could significantly inhibit the growth of maize roots and shoot,resulting in the reduced yields.However,there were differences in maize root and shoot growth under soil compaction stress among different varieties,and the variety with advantages in both root and shoot growth and coordination could maintain higher yields under heavy soil compaction stress.The results provide the theoretical basis for maize breeding improvement and cultivation measures optimization with root architecture as the goal.关键词
玉米/根-冠生长/土壤紧实胁迫/响应特征Key words
maize/root and shoot growth/soil compaction stress/response引用本文复制引用
梁璐,周宝元,高卓晗,王瑞,王新兵,赵明,李从锋..不同品种玉米根-冠生长对土壤紧实胁迫的差异性响应特征[J].作物学报,2024,50(8):2053-2066,14.基金项目
本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(31971851),国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2300803)和财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-02-14)资助.This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971851),the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD2300803),and the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-02-14). （31971851）
