植物营养与肥料学报2024，Vol.30Issue(6)：1103-1117,15.DOI:10.11674/zwyf.2023493
华北小麦施用脲铵氮肥实现轻简施肥的可行性及技术措施
Availability and technology of using urea-ammonium fertilizer to realize nitrogen reduction and simplified fertilization in wheat production of North China Plain
摘要
Abstract
[Objectives]Ammonium-urea fertilizer(AUF)is produced for the utilization of allied alkali industry by-products.We conducted field trials in the main winter wheat production regions of North China to explore the availability and technology of UAF in nitrogen reduction and simplified fertilization in these regions.[Methods]From 2021 to 2023,field trials were conducted over two years at five locations:Shunyi in Beijing,Luannan and Quzhou in Hebei,Jinan in Shandong,and Yuzhou in Henan.Field experiments contained six treatments,including urea at conventional rate(U),urea with 30%less N input(70%U),AUF with 30%less N input(70%AU),70%AU with N-(n-butyl)thiophosphoric triamide(70%AU+NBPT),70%AU with 3,4-dimethyl-pyrazole phosphate(70%AU+DMPP),and 70%U combined with optimal topdressing time(70%U+Opt).At harvesting period,wheat yield and yield components,partial factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer(PFPN)and nitrogen uptake efficiency by wheat(NUE),and soil inorganic nitrogen concentrations were investigated.[Results]Compared to U treatment,nitrogen reduction treatments(70%U and 70%AU)decreased wheat yields in one experimental site in 2022,and three sites in 2023;70%AU+NBPT and 70%AU+DMPP treatments decreased yield in two sites in both 2022 and 2023,respectively;and 70%U+Opt treatment did not cause yield decrease over the two years.Compared to the U treatment,the majority of all the other treatments at the five sites increased PFPN and NUE over the two years,with PFPN increment from 19%to 77%in 2022 and 23%to 67%in 2023,and the NUE increment from 25%to 77%in 2022 and 21%to 71%in 2023.After wheat harvest,70%AU+NBPT and 70%AU+DMPP treatments were tested higher soil NH4+-N content and lower NO3--N content than U treatment in five sites in 2022 and four sites in 2023,the gap in NH4+-N content was 19%-69%in 2022 and 30%-90%in 2023,and the gap in NO3--N content was 19%-59%in 2022 and 34%-60%in 2023.[Conclusions]Under 30%of nitrogen reduction condition,the topdressing of ammonium-urea fertilizer or combination of NBPT or DMPP can maintain wheat yield and increase fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency.关键词
小麦/脲铵氮肥/脲酶抑制剂/硝化抑制剂/产量/氮肥偏生产力/氮素吸收效率/土壤无机氮Key words
wheat/urea ammonium nitrogen fertilizer/urease inhibitor/nitrification inhibitor/yield/partial factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer/nitrogen uptake efficiency/soil inorganic nitrogen引用本文复制引用
耿若鑫,毕香君,田培雨,赵富林,张卫峰,陈永亮,黑泽文,油伦成,舒昱霖,汪洋,李升东,曲明山,石颜通,张凯烨..华北小麦施用脲铵氮肥实现轻简施肥的可行性及技术措施[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2024,30(6):1103-1117,15.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(SQ2023YFD1900103,2021YFD1700900). （SQ2023YFD1900103,2021YFD1700900）
