3个紫花苜蓿新品系在新疆维吾尔自治区的生产性能评价OACSTPCD
Evaluation of Production Performance of Three New Cultivars of Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
[目的]评价 3 个紫花苜蓿新品系在新疆维吾尔自治区的生产性能.[方法]以新疆农业大学草种质资源与育种团队选育的 3 个紫花苜蓿新品系MX01、MX02、MX03 作为研究对象,以新疆维吾尔自治区培育的紫花苜蓿本地品种"新牧 4 号"作为对照(CK),测定并比较不同紫花苜蓿材料在 3 个刈割茬次下的株高、干鲜比、叶茎比、鲜草产量、鲜草总产量、干草产量、干草总产量,并对各性状指标与鲜草总产量和干草总产量之间的相关性进行分析.[结果]4 份材料的平均株高从高到低依次为MX01(95.23 cm)、CK(94.56 cm)、MX03(90.25 cm)、MX02(88.36 cm),表明MX01 的生长速度较快.4 份材料的平均干鲜比从高到低依次为MX02(32.22%)、CK(28.81%)、MX01(27.76%)、MX03(25.36%),表明MX02 在干物质积累方面的表现较好.4 份材料的平均叶茎比从高到低依次为MX03(70.85%)、MX02(67.53%)、CK(66.68%)、MX01(62.76%),表明MX03 在品质方面具有优势.MX02 和MX03 前 2 个刈割茬次的鲜草产量对鲜草总产量的贡献率较高,均达到 80%以上;4 份材料的鲜草总产量从高到低依次为MX03(89.01 t/hm2)、MX02(86.33 t/hm2)、CK(83.53 t/hm2)、MX01(76.62 t/hm2),MX03 的鲜草总产量显著(P＜0.05)高于其他 3 份材料,提示该份材料适宜用作鲜草生产.3 个紫花苜蓿新品系材料在 3个刈割茬下干草产量对干草总产量的贡献率变化存在明显差异;4 份材料的干草总产量从高到低依次为MX02(27.82 t/hm2)、CK(24.06 t/hm2)、MX03(22.57 t/hm2)、MX01(21.27 t/hm2),提示MX02 适宜用作干草生产.第 2 茬鲜草产量与鲜草总产量呈极显著(P＜0.01)正相关,第 2 茬叶茎比与干草总产量呈极显著(P＜0.01)负相关.[结论]对不同刈割茬次及整个生产周期下 3 个紫花苜蓿新品系多项性状指标的评价结果表明,新品系MX02 和MX03 的综合表现更好,具有在新疆维吾尔自治区推广种植的潜力.
[Objective]This study was conducted to evaluate the production performance of three new cultivars of alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.[Method]The three new cultivars of alfalfa bred by Grass Germplasm Resources and Breeding Team in Xinjiang Agricultural University,designated as MX01,MX02 and MX03,were used as the research objects,and Xinmu No.4,an indigenously bred alfalfa cultivar in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region was served as control(CK).The plant height,dry to fresh ratio,leaf to stem ratio,fresh yield per harvest,total fresh yield,hay yield per harvest and total hay yield of the four tested alfalfa materials in three consecutive harvests within the same year were assessed and statistically compared.In addition,correlation analyses were performed between the associated trait indicators and total fresh yield or total hay yield.[Result]The average plant height of the four tested alfalfa materials in the three observed harvests from high to low were MX01(95.23 cm),CK(94.56 cm),MX03(90.25 cm)and MX02(88.36 cm),indicating that MX01 had a better performance in growth.The average dry to fresh ratio from high to low were MX02(32.22%),CK(28.81%),MX01(27.76%)and MX03(25.36%),revealing that MX02 had a better performance in dry matter accumulation.The average leaf to stem ratio from high to low were MX03(70.85%),MX02(67.53%),CK(66.68%)and MX01(62.76%),demonstrating that MX03 had a better performance in quality.The contribution rate of the fresh yield in the first two harvests to the total fresh yield of MX02 and MX03 was relatively higher,both reaching over 80%.The total fresh yield of the four tested alfalfa materials from high to low were MX03(89.01 t/hm2),MX02(86.33 t/hm2),CK(83.53 t/hm2)and MX01(76.62 t/hm2),with MX03 significantly(P＜0.05)higher than the other materials,indicating that it was suitable for fresh grass production.There were evident differences in the contribution rate of the hay yield in the three separate harvest to the total hay yield among the three new cultivars.The total hay yield from high to low were MX02(27.82 t/hm2),CK(24.06 t/hm2),MX03(22.57 t/hm2)and MX01(21.27 t/hm2),demonstrating that MX02 was suitable for hay production.The fresh yield in the second harvest was extremely significantly(P＜0.01)positively correlated with the total fresh yield,while the leaf to stem ratio in the second harvest was extremely significantly(P＜0.01)negatively correlated with the total hay yield.[Conclusion]The evaluation results of multiple trait indicators of the three new cultivars of alfalfa in different harvests and the entire production cycle demonstrated that the comprehensive performance of MX02 and MX03 was better,and they had the potential to be promoted and planted in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.
对山开勒得·热合木江;朱文煜;董佳乐;王玉祥
新疆昌吉回族自治州林业和草原技术推广中心,新疆 昌吉回族自治州 831100新疆农业大学草业学院/西部干旱荒漠区草地资源与生态教育部重点实验室/新疆草地资源与生态自治区重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052
农业科学
紫花苜蓿株高叶茎比干鲜比草产量相关性分析
alfalfaplant heightleaf to stem ratiodry to fresh ratiograss yieldcorrelation analysis
《畜牧与饲料科学》 2024 (004)
78-84 / 7
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目"优良牧草品种引进与乡土草种驯化选育"(2022B02003-1).
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