中国农业科学2024，Vol.57Issue(15)：3023-3034,12.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.15.009
不同水稻品种和施锌方式对水稻产量及籽粒锌有效性的影响
Effects of Different Rice Varieties and Zinc Application Methods on Rice Yield and Grain Zinc Availability
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The aim of this study was to clarify the response of different rice varieties to zinc fertilizer and the differences in the effects of different zinc fertilizer application methods on rice yield and grain zinc bioavailability.[Method]The field experiments were conducted in 2019 and 2020.The first field experiment(Experiment 1)in 2019 aimed to explore the response of different rice varieties to zinc fertilizer application.Four rice varieties were selected,including Xiadao No.1,Xiadao No.2,Runxiangyu,and Longliangyou3463,with two treatments of no zinc application(CK)and zinc application(+Zn),and the differences in the response of different rice varieties to zinc fertilizer application were investigated.The second field experiment(Experiment 2)in 2020 aimed to explore the effects of different zinc fertilizer application methods on rice yield and grain zinc bioavailability.Based on the experiment in 2019,two high-yielding rice varieties,including Xiadao No.1 and Longliangyou3463,were selected to continue the study.Six treatments were set:no zinc application to soil(S0F0),soil application of 15 kg·hm-2 zinc(S1F0),soil application of 30 kg·hm-2 zinc(S2F0),foliar spray of 0.5%ZnSO4 at flowering stage(S0F1),soil application of 15 kg·hm-2 zinc+foliar spray of 0.5%ZnSO4 at flowering stage(S1F1),and soil application of 30 kg·hm-2 zinc+foliar spray of 0.5%ZnSO4 at flowering stage(S2F1),and the differences in the effects of different zinc application methods on yield and grain zinc bioavailability of two rice varieties were investigated.[Result]In experiment 1,there were significant differences in the response of different rice varieties to zinc fertilizer.After zinc application,the yields of Xiadao No.1,Xiadao No.2,Runxiangyu,and Longliangyou3463 increased by 4.4%,11.6%,7.9%,and 4.8%,respectively.The increase in yield was mainly attributed to the increase in effective panicle number and grain-setting rate.Compared with CK,the average effective panicle number of the four rice varieties with zinc application increased by 19.8%,3.9%,9.9%,and 24.0%,respectively,and the average grain-setting rate increased by 5.4%,9.7%,6.7%,and 4.0%,respectively.In addition,the molar ratio of phytic acid to zinc in brown rice and polished rice of the four rice varieties with zinc application decreased by averages of 24.3%,30.9%,21.3%,and 37.2%,and 29.5%,32.4%,33.9%,and 35.3%,respectively.In experiment 2,there were significant differences in the effects of different zinc application methods on the yield and grain zinc availability of Xiadao No.1 and Longliangyou3463.Soil zinc application significantly outperformed foliar zinc spray in increasing yield,and foliar zinc spray further increased rice yield when it combined with soil zinc application.Compared with S0F0,the yields of Xiadao No.1 under S0F1,S1F0,S1F1,S2F0,and S2F1 increased by 12.1%,14.1%,17.2%,22.2%,and 29.3%,respectively,and the yields of Longliangyou3463 under S0F1,S1F0,S1F1,S2F0,and S2F1 increased by 2.0%,10.1%,15.2%,28.3%,and 31.3%,respectively.The effects of different zinc application methods on grain zinc availability varied,and there were significant differences in grain zinc availability between the two rice varieties.Foliar spray had a significantly greater zinc enhancement effect on grain compared with soil application,and the bioavailable zinc content in grains of Longliangyou3463 was higher than that in Xiadao No.1.[Conclusion]Selecting high-yielding and zinc-enriched rice varieties(Longliangyou3463)and adopting appropriate zinc fertilizer application methods(30 kg·hm-2 soil application+foliar spray of 0.5%ZnSO4 at flowering stage)could achieve the goals of increasing rice yield and enhancing rice zinc nutrition,thereby helping to increase income and improve rice quality.关键词
水稻品种/锌肥/施用方式/产量/籽粒锌有效性/锌营养强化Key words
rice varieties/zinc fertilizer/application methods/yield/grain zinc availability/zinc nutrition fortification引用本文复制引用
苏素苗,康天恺,邹家龙,汪本福,张洋洋,廖世鹏,李小坤..不同水稻品种和施锌方式对水稻产量及籽粒锌有效性的影响[J].中国农业科学,2024,57(15):3023-3034,12.基金项目
湖北洪山实验室重大项目(2121hsz002)、中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2662021ZH001) （2121hsz002）
