免疫治疗背景下低位直肠癌手术治疗策略变化OA北大核心CSTPCD

Traditional surgery is the main method for rectal cancer treatment,and with the continuously deepening applica-tion of immunotherapy to the field of rectal cancer treatment,the way,the means,and even the concept of treating low rectal cancer are gradually evolving.For low rectal cancer patients with MSI-H/dMMR,immunotherapy has shown a high re-sponse rate and potential long-term efficacy.Although the re-sponse rate of immunotherapy in MSS/pMMR tumors is low,with the continuous deepening of research,including the com-bined application of radiotherapy,chemotherapy,targeted ther-apy,etc.,as well as the emergence of more sensitive drugs and biomarkers in the future,the efficacy of immunotherapy will continue to improve so that more patients can obtain tumor re-gression.These results will also affect the surgical strategy for low rectal cancer,ultimately achieving the reduction of surgi-cal trauma,the increased rate of anal preservation and organ preservation,and improved life quality and prognosis.Despite challenges,such as how to select a suitable population,how to accurately evaluate efficacy,the uncertainty in long-term effi-cacy,treatment resistance,and immunotherapy-related side ef-fects,immunotherapy still has a broad application prospect in the treatment of low rectal cancer and is expected to bring more personalized and effective treatment options for patients.